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The development trend of titanium for automobiles. It can be said that titanium is an opportunity for the automotive industry and the beginning of new applications for titanium. Because titanium has excellent physical and mechanical properties, it can significantly improve performance and extend service life. Titanium significantly reduces the weight of the chassis of a car engine. The second material cannot be found in terms of the competitive value and superiority of materials. Compared with steel and traditional automotive spring materials, titanium has the advantages of light weight, good corrosion resistance and low shear modulus. Titanium springs have almost no coil rotation when in use. Timet's name for the LupoFSI automotive material is TimetalLCB, which maintains the superior performance of titanium alloys for aviation springs, the most important of which is reduced costs.
Application Development 14 Rare Metal Express 2002 No. 5 is the “first titanium component selected in automotive productionâ€. Although the automotive industry has been considered to dominate the new application market for titanium for decades, the amount of titanium used is still small. European and Japanese automakers are pioneers in titanium for automobiles, and titanium is used primarily for engine connecting rods and valve components. Reducing the weight of the car is the development direction of the automotive industry. Because of the high fuel cost, reducing vehicle weight has certain competitiveness. The proportion of titanium used in aviation and non-aerospace in the United States varies greatly. Titanium alloys for aviation aircraft are estimated to account for 60% and 75% of the US market.
One of the obstacles to the development of the titanium industry that meets the needs of the automotive industry is the high cost of titanium itself, which limits its application. In order to solve the titanium cost problem, Timet has identified research projects to develop low-cost, corrosion-resistant titanium alloys and produced three relatively low-cost titanium alloys for automotive applications. The Corvette exhaust system is made of Timetal titanium and is 18 pounds (8.16kg) lighter than previous models. In addition, in addition to the wire suspension spring, titanium has many potential applications in the car, such as door ribs, bumper brackets, valves, valve springs, brakes, connecting rods, piston pins, wheel anti-skid nuts, bolts, shock absorbers and Rocker device. Effect of Particle Size and Self-field on Bi-2223/Ag Band Properties The superconducting properties of the silver-coated Bi-based 2223 tape depend mainly on complex preparation processes, including precursor powder synthesis, mechanical deformation and heat treatment. The quality of the precursor powder is extremely important, and the quality of the precursor powder is controlled by the phase composition and particle size distribution. In general, the finer the particle, the more active it is. As the particle size decreases, the diffusion distance in the small 2212 and non-superconducting phase is shortened due to the large surface area and contact area, and the sintering temperature can also be reduced, but the particles are too fine to cause irreparable heat treatment. Early melting and formation of undesired phases, it can be seen that the precursor powder has an optimal particle size in order to produce Bi-2223 with the best activity and the least heterogeneous phase; and the preparation of precursor powders with different particle sizes. The tape should be heat treated at different temperatures depending on the particle size. To this end, some people have conducted systematic research in this regard, according to different grinding time) to prepare the powder, the powder is divided into 5 batches, each batch of 10g, respectively at 835 ° C, 833 ° C, 831 ° C, 829 ° C and 825 ° C The heat treatment was carried out at a temperature, and finally, the critical current Ic of the strip was measured by a four-lead method according to a criterion of 1 μV/cm; and the Ic behavior at a magnetic field of 77 K up to 3000 G was also studied. The results show that the average particle size distribution of the powders at different grinding times is the key parameter that affects the reaction temperature, phase evolution, microstructure, Jc and Jc-B behavior. The tape made of coarse particles shows that the reaction kinetics are slow, and the microstructure contains many misaligned small grains and pores. Reducing the particle size of the precursor powder not only improves the reaction kinetics, but also reduces the sintering temperature of the tape, but When the particle size is as small as a certain value, such as an average of 2.5 μm, the recrystallization will be significantly degraded, and the obtained band has a high Tc ratio and a low Jc, and a band prepared by using an average particle size of 3 μm 4 μm precursor powder in a high Tc ratio. , microstructure, Jc and Jc-B behavior, etc., have the best results.
The silver-coated Bi-2223 multi-core tape has reached a high intergranular Jc, which is very beneficial for application. In order to further improve Jc, it is necessary to deeply understand and minimize the mechanisms of current limiting in different ranges. Some measurements have shown that the magnetic field relationship of the critical current in the low field is largely determined by the shape of the strip and the total current carried, which are all related to the field. For this reason, the effect of self-field on the critical current anisotropy of Bi-2223/Ag multi-core tape was studied. The magnetic field relationship of Ic(B) can be described by the following formula:
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