Experience on the application of common fertilizers

"Three elements" (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium)

Nitrogen is the “big boss” in fertilizers, with the widest range of applications and the largest application rate, so the effect is also the greatest. However, utilization is often the lowest. In order to reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer, the application techniques should be paid attention to. For example, ammonium fertilizer should be used in rice, especially ammonium chloride and urea. Corn, wheat and other cereal crops are preferably applied with ammonium nitride fertilizer (such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, urea) or nitrate fertilizer (such as ammonium nitrate). For potato and sweet potato, ammonium nitride fertilizer should be used. Different crops have different requirements for nitrogen. Leafy vegetables, tea leaves and other crops with green leaves for harvesting purposes require more nitrogen fertilizer, while soybeans, peanuts and other legume crops need only be applied in the early stage of growth, when the nodule has not yet functioned. Nitrogen fertilizer. In summer, it is hot and rainy, and the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer can reduce the loss. In saline-alkaline soil areas, it is not advisable to apply ammonium chloride with more chloride ions to avoid increasing soil salinity.

The effective utilization of phosphorus is also very low, often only 25%, on the one hand because they are easily converted into insoluble state in the soil and are fixed, on the other hand, improper application, such as excessive application and not according to crop needs Amount is applied. Legume crops (soybeans, peanuts), sugar crops (beets, sugar cane), fiber crops, potato crops (potato, sweet potato), melons, and fruit trees are “his phosphorus” crops, requiring more phosphorus and increasing the effect of phosphate fertilizer. it is good. Seasonal crops can only absorb a small portion of the applied phosphate fertilizer, most of which is left in the soil for absorption and utilization by the lower crop. Therefore, in the plots with more phosphorus fertilizer, there is no need to apply phosphorus every year, and it is not necessary to apply phosphorus in the season to avoid waste.

Potassium is called the “quality element” of crop growth. The potassium content in plants generally accounts for 0.2%~4.1% of the dry matter weight, second only to nitrogen. In general, crops containing more carbohydrates, such as tobacco, potatoes, sweet potatoes, sugar beets, watermelons, fruit trees, etc., require a large amount of potassium, so they are called "hot potassium" crops. However, these potassium-producing crops have the characteristic of “avoiding chlorine”. If potassium chloride is applied to these potassium-free chlorine crops, it will not only affect the effectiveness of potassium, but also lead to a decline in yield and quality. Potassium chloride is also not suitable for long-term application on saline soil. It can be used as a base fertilizer or top dressing on non-chlorinated crops, but it is not suitable for seed fertilizer. Potassium sulphate is suitable for various soils and crops and can be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, top dressing and foliar fertilizer.

Micro and medium elements (boron, molybdenum, silicon, sulfur, chlorine)

Rapeseed and cotton, peanuts, fruit trees, etc. belong to the favorite boron crop, which is very sensitive to boron. Boron deficiency will lead to “flowers and unreality”, which seriously affects crop yield.

Molybdenum fertilizer is suitable for legume crops such as peanuts and soybeans, and cruciferous crops such as broccoli and rapeseed. Applying molybdenum fertilizer on these crops can effectively increase yield and improve quality.

Silicon is called the “fourth largest nutrient element” of rice. Applying silicon fertilizer can not only improve the plant height, effective panicle number, grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight and other biological characteristics, but also apply silicon fertilizer to promote the thickening of rice stems. The grain weight of the grain is yellow, which enhances the ability of drought resistance and pest resistance, improves the utilization of nitrogen in the later stage of rice, accelerates the accumulation of nitrogen transport, and promotes early maturity of rice. Especially in the newly changed paddy fields and acidic soils, the effect is more obvious. When applying the base fertilizer, the calcium and magnesium-containing silicate can be used as a silicon fertilizer to be mixed with other fertilizers.

Potatoes, soybeans, peanuts, rapeseed, etc. are “sweetened” crops. The use of “calcium” (calcium, magnesium and phosphate) is better than “heavy calcium” (heavy calcium perphosphate) because “calcium” contains calcium sulfate. "Heavy calcium" does not contain calcium sulfate. “Heavy calcium” is used for the sulfur-free crops to achieve the effect of sulfur application.

Ammonium chloride contains up to 61% chlorine and cannot be used on “chlorine-free” crops (such as tobacco, potato, sugar cane, sugar beet, melon, tea, citrus, grapes, etc.), but chlorine can increase the toughness of the fiber. Pulling force, suitable for cotton, hemp and other crops.

Tapping Screw

Although there are many types of tapping screws, they all have the following similarities:
(1) are generally made of carbonized carbon steel (accounting for 99% of total production). It can also be made of stainless steel or non-ferrous metals.
(2) The product must be heat treated. Carbon steel tapping screws must be carbonized and stainless steel tapping screws must be solution hardened. In order to make tapping screws to meet the requirements of the standard of mechanical properties and performance.
(3) The product surface hardness is high, the core toughness is good. That is, "soft inside strong outside". This is a major feature of tapping Screw performance requirements. If the surface hardness is low, it can not be screwed into the matrix; If the core toughness is poor, a twist will break, can not be used. So "inside soft outside steel" is self-tapping screw to meet the use of performance, very important requirements.
(4) The surface of the product needs surface protection treatment, generally electroplating treatment. Some product surface must be treated by phosphate (photostatting), such as wall panel self - tapping screws for photostatting.
(5) Production by cold heading process. It is recommended to use high-speed cold heading machine and high-speed wire rolling machine or high-speed planetary wire rolling machine. High speed is emphasized here to ensure product quality. Only the head of tapping screw produced by high-speed machine is well formed and the thread quality is high.

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