Classification of door and window hardware

Classification of door and window hardware:

First, the hardware accessories of the sliding window: the guide rail of the aluminum alloy or plastic steel sliding window is directly formed on the window frame profile, and the pulley system is fixed at the bottom of the window sash.

Whether the sliding of the sliding window is free depends not only on the quality of the pulley system, but also on the straightness of the profile and the machining accuracy and the accuracy of the window frame installation. The wear of the dust on the rails and pulleys also affects the switching function of the sliding window. The lock of the sliding window is generally a latch type lock, and the lock may fail due to low installation precision, dust accumulation, and the like. The handle of the sliding window is usually replaced by the switch part of the latch type lock, but there is also a high-grade sliding window to make the sash profile an arc shape and function as a handle.

Second, the hardware of the casement window: one of the basic accessories of the casement window is the hinge.

Due to the one-way opening nature of the hinge, the hinge is always installed in the opening direction, that is, the inner opening window hinge is installed indoors, and the outer opening window hinge is installed outdoors. In order to prevent the hinge from affecting the sealing of the window, the hinge of the metal window is usually welded to the outside of the window profile. The lock of the outer window is a rotating card lock, and the handle is usually combined with the lock. A common internal window lock can be a simple plug. The disadvantage of the latch is that there is no compression function of the rotating card lock. The handles of the inner window are independent and have no relationship with other components. The stopper is an essential part of the external window to prevent the wind from blowing the window sash and causing a collision. However, the fixed plane formed by the three hinges and the three stops of the stopper has a limited degree of firmness, and the better quality stopper is made of copper for the purpose of preventing rust.

Third, the inner tilting window hardware fittings: the concept of the inner tilting window is from the form of the window, which can be opened in the open and inside.

But this is far more than a special way of opening windows. In fact, it is a combination of various window control functions. First of all, when this window is tilted, the purpose is to ventilate. The top scissor connection acts as a stop. When the inner is flat, the top scissor joint is again a hinge. The bottom hinge is also a shaft for internal tilting. The purpose of the inner opening is to clearly observe the scenery outside the window and, more importantly, to clean the glass. The design window type does not consider cleaning glass is the reason why there are few clean and bright windows in the middle and low-end residential buildings in China. It can be said that the inwardly tilted open window is a comprehensive satisfaction for people. The hardware of the inwardly tilting window includes a top scissor connector, an upper corner connector, a lock, a handle, a connecting rod, a multi-point lock, a lower corner connector and an inward window bottom shaft, a bottom hinge and an inner bottom shaft. This hardware is suitable for wood, aluminum and plastic steel windows. How to fix the connecting rod on the window sash? There are two solutions. The first is to design a double set of links, one for fixing and the other for interlocking. The second is to pre-design the sliding groove on the window frame profile. The second option is superior to the first solution in terms of service life and maintenance-free.

Fourth, glass curtain wall hardware accessories: the combination of glass curtain wall and window is a more difficult problem. The internationally advanced curtain wall system can make the inwardly tilted window into a glass-like curtain wall unit, achieving the airtightness, watertightness and wind pressure rating of the curtain wall as a whole. The level of technology and cost of doing so is high. At present, very few companies in China are able to reach this level.

Since the load-bearing structure of the glass curtain wall is generally inside, the outer window is the easiest window opening scheme. However, if a hinge is used, the exposed hinge will destroy the integrity of the glass curtain wall, so there are four-link accessories. The four-bar linkage is a substitute for hinges, and the purpose of window opening is achieved by using the principle of variable area under the condition that the sides of the quadrilateral are constant. The fixing of the four links is on the side of the sash and the window frame. When the window is closed, the four links are completely hidden in the window frame, which fundamentally solves the problem of the hinge being exposed. The only characteristic is the phenomenon determined by the working principle of the four-bar linkage, that is, when the window sash is opened, the center of gravity of the sash will have a significant settlement. This settlement is a good way to prevent the wind from closing the sash, but it brings a lot of inconvenience to the installation and use of the window opener. If the form is large, the four-links will withstand the weight of the sash for a long time, which will cause a certain drop, which will result in the sash being closed.

The use of multi-point locks is to increase the wind pressure resistance of the window. A plurality of cylindrical locking points are connected to the window sash through the connecting rod, and under the operation of the rotating handle, the locking point slides into the lock body fixed on the window frame. The corner joints allow the four sides of the window to be locked with one, two or more lock points. Multi-point locks have revolutionized the traditional system of locking windows. This linkage locking point scheme is also used to increase the door's anti-theft level.

Five flip window hardware accessories: ordinary flip window because half of the window fan is open inside, the other half of the window fan is open, so the seal of the window is difficult to achieve.

To achieve the same sealing effect as a simple open or outer open window, the cost of flipping the window will be relatively high. The hardware of the ordinary flip window is mainly two rotating shafts, and then equipped with corresponding locks and handles. There is a comprehensive hardware fitting that can be turned 360 degrees in the world, in order to achieve a good sealing effect and also easy to clean the window.

Sixth, the window opener:

1. Manual window opener The purpose of the manual window opener is to open a higher position ventilation window through a certain device. According to the principle of the thermal effect of air, the hot air and light harmful gases that should be excluded can be effectively eliminated only through the window with a high position.

The manual window opener generally consists of five parts: a windowed actuator (such as a scissor window member), a corner connector, an operating member, a connecting rod and a decorative cover.

The window opening actuator determines the width of the window opening, the weight of the window opener, and the presence or absence of a locking function. The angle connector is the transmission component, and its deformation determines the ability of the window opener to adapt to different window types and different installation conditions. The operating member can be in the form of a handle or rocker.

The handling unit is simple and low in cost. The power output of the rocker type operating member is uniform, not easy to be damaged, the processing precision is high, and the cost is high. The manual window opener is suitable for the lower hanging inner window and the upper hanging outer window. The upper hanging window needs to be equipped with special external opening accessories.

From the analysis of the force of the window opener, the hinge is located in the lower lower hanging window and is more labor-saving. The hinged upper open window is more laborious. It should be noted that the four-link must be used with caution because the four-link fitting will have a large settlement of the center of gravity of the window when the window is opened. The weight is large enough that the strength of the window opener may not be sufficient to lift the window off the window.

2. Electric window opener: The simplest electric window opener is to equip the mechanical opening window with the drive motor and a switch.

There are also rack and pinion window openers and chain window openers. However, from the perspective of product stability and service life, the window opener needs to be dust-proof, moisture-proof and even waterproof. The dust will cause the window opener to wear, and the moisture will rust the window opener, and the water will short circuit the window opener. Condensation caused by changes in indoor relative humidity is a common occurrence in buildings with poor thermal insulation properties or indoor environmental changes, especially greenhouse construction.

A thorough and thorough analysis and understanding of the environmental conditions used by the window opener is essential to the choice of which window drive to use. The internationally closed, dust-proof, moisture-proof and waterproof window opener has an internal screw window opener. This window opener has a thrust of up to 1000 Newtons, with low noise and low power consumption. The choice of the window opener must also pay attention to the ease of installation, because the installation conditions on the construction site may be very limited.

There are currently two types of automatic control systems for electric window openers. The greenhouse control system is a system for window opening and window closing based on measured temperature, humidity, sunlight illuminance, wind intensity, and degree of rain, and compared with preset values.

The automatic smoke exhaust system is a newly developed concept of fire protection in the world, that is, when a fire generates smoke and heat, the window for exhausting heat is automatically opened. Due to the increasingly comprehensive fire protection requirements of building materials for building materials, the fire performance of materials is precisely defined in terms of flame retardancy. Therefore, in the event of a fire, the smoke and the harmful substances contained in it cause more direct damage to people. Or harmful smoke interferes with active life-saving behavior and passive escape behavior.

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