On the Effect of Raw Material Steel Plate on the Quality of Steel Drum

With the rapid development of the commodity economy and the ever-increasing improvement of people’s living standards, the role of product packaging has become increasingly important. As an important metal packaging container, steel drums have become more and more widely used. In order to meet the requirements of various product packaging on steel drums, especially to meet the quality requirements of steel drums for the packaging of dangerous goods, food, medicine, military and other products, the quality of steel drums must be improved to ensure that steel drums are in the packaging product and circulation process. It can resist the destruction of steel drums by internal hazards and various mechanical, climatic, biological, chemical and other external environmental conditions. It protects the quality of the contents and reaches consumers' hands perfectly. To improve the quality of steel drums, we must start from every process step in the production of steel drums. The quality of the raw steel plate of the steel drum is the primary factor affecting the quality of the steel drum. In the following, we briefly analyze the impact of the raw material of the steel drum on the production processes of the steel drum.

The raw material steel plates used in the production of steel drums can be roughly divided into three types: first, ordinary carbon steel thin steel plates (hot rolled steel sheets); second, high quality carbon steel thin steel plates (cold rolled steel sheets); and third, thin galvanized steel sheets. Steel plate. Although there are many differences in the properties of these three materials, their main chemical composition is the same. The chemical elements that affect the performance of the steel sheet are mainly carbon C, sulfur S, phosphorus P, etc. Of course, these elements will also directly affect the quality of the steel drum. In addition, the factors affecting the quality of the steel drum are the surface quality of the steel sheet, such as the flatness, evenness of the surface, oil, rust, and oxide scale. Below we analyze the above-mentioned effects on the quality of steel drums according to the production process of steel drums.

First, the impact of the processing of the drum top cover

1. Drum pulls and pre-crimping of drum lids.

1 The influence of the carbon content of the steel plate on the formation of the lid. If the amount of carbon, sulfur and phosphorus is too high, the plasticity of the steel sheet will decrease, the hardness and brittleness will increase correspondingly, and the drawing performance will decrease. When stamping the lid, there will be a size that has not been pulled to the process requirements, and the steel plate will be cracked at the corner of the lid. Even if the size is pulled without breaking, microcracks are already present. This is a potential factor affecting the quality of the steel drum. When it is transported or loaded, it will leak as soon as it falls or collides. In addition, due to the increase in hardness, the resilience of the steel plate is enhanced, and it is easy to rebound after pre-rolling.

2 The influence of the surface quality of the steel plate on the formation of the lid. If the surface of the steel plate is uneven or uneven in thickness, in the press forming, since the gap between the molds is constant, the steel plate enters into the mold, and burrs, tears, wavy flange sides, and protrusions may be generated due to different gap sizes. Ears and so on. It is also sometimes possible to insert into the mold (because the clearance is too small), damage the mold, and affect the normal production of the lid. Due to the uneven surface or uneven thickness of the steel plate, problems have arisen in the case of blanking and drawing of the lid. If it flows into the next process, the pre-crimping is due to the fact that the lug is bulked due to the large amount of material. The part with less material next to the lug may not necessarily be able to be rolled up. Using such a bung, the quality of the steel drum cannot be guaranteed.

2. Steel drum mouth forming and forming

According to the different types of steel barrels, the form of the barrels of steel drums is divided into small open steel drums, open steel drums, straight open steel drums, and open necked steel drums. We only talk about the barrels of small-opening drums and open-end steel drums here.

1 small open steel drum. The mouth of the small opening drum is composed of an inlet and a vent. Its processing method is to press the coil on the lid of the barrel by means of mechanical snapping. Its processing process is one of punching and flanging; the other is the screw closure. If the chemical composition of the material contains excessive amounts of carbon, sulphur and phosphorus, the stamping performance of the material will be reduced. When the punching flanging and the spiral ring are locked, the edge of the punching hole will be cracked, causing leakage of the barrel mouth; The surface of the steel plate is uneven or uneven in thickness, and burrs are easily generated during punching, and when the spiral ring is closed, the thickness is uneven and the sealing is not strict, thereby causing leakage.

2 open steel drums. The open-end steel drum has only one barrel opening on the top of the barrel, while the barrel opening diameter is greater than 70mm, but less than the barrel top diameter. The processing method of this kind of barrel mouth is generally made by punching and then turning over twice. If the content of carbon, sulfur and phosphorus in the steel plate is too high, cracks will be generated when the punching hole flanging, and when the second crushing occurs, the crack will extend; if the surface of the steel plate is rough or uneven, the hole is punched due to the gap. Uniform burrs due to uneven size, and microcracks are easily generated when burring. However, these microcracks will increase during the second flange.

Second, the impact of barrel body processing

There are many processes in barrel processing. Here we analyze one by one:

1. The impact on the bucket body blanking process. Barrel blanking is mainly due to the effect of shear force on the steel plate, and the required size of the process when cutting into barrels. It requires the flatness of the sheared steel plate, no collapse angle and roll angle phenomenon, and precise dimensions.

1 If the amount of carbon, sulfur and phosphorus in the steel plate exceeds the limit, the plasticity of the material will be reduced, and the angle of collapse will be easily formed. When the barrel body with the angle of collapse is fed into the edge grinding machine in the next process, it is easy to roll the corner. The barrel after the roll angle, in the subsequent processing processes, it is easy to cause waste, defective;

2 If the surface is uneven, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of its size when cutting.

2. The effect on the barrel edging process. The edging of the barrel plate material is to feed the two edges of the sheared barrel material seam welding to the edging machine equipped with the upper and lower grinding wheels through the conveying chain, and polish the surface by grinding the upper and lower grinding wheels. The thickness of oil, oxide, and its poor part is conducive to the welding of the next process.

(1) If the amount of carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus in the steel plate is too high, the hardness of the steel plate increases, and the grinding force required for grinding increases, and the amount of heat generated by grinding increases. As the grinding heat increases, burns (browning), oxidation, and adhesion of sand grains (surface roughness) occur on the surface of the ground steel plate. These are not conducive to barrel welding;

2 If the surface is uneven, during grinding, the amount of grinding at the raised area is large, and the recessed area may not be ground. So that oil, oxide skin, etc. continue to exist, welding, easy to cause surface burns and other defects;

3 If the surface of the steel plate has oil stains, oxide scales, etc., it is easy to produce soot and dust when grinding. It not only pollutes the environment but also affects the health of employees.

3. The impact on the drum body rolling process. The barrel body roll is a cylindrical barrel body obtained by plastically deforming the material of the barrel body material after being edged by the roll machine. If the steel plate of the barrel body is high in carbon content, its plasticity will be reduced, and the rebound amount will increase. The barrel plate material under the effect of the same volumetric circle force cannot reach the round shape required by the process.

4. The effect of spot welding and seam welding on barrels. The process of spot welding and seam welding of the barrel body is to pass a pair of electrodes to transfer the resistance heat and electrode pressure to the barrel body to make it reach the molten state, and then is bonded together under the action of the electrode pressure.

1 If the barrel plate material contains high amounts of carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus, the plastic deformation capacity of the material decreases, the linear expansion coefficient increases, and the plastic temperature zone narrows. When welding, cracks, inclusions, and other defects are likely to occur;

2 If the surface has scale, during welding, it is easy to make the electrode adhere to the surface of the plate. During the heating and expansion of the barrel plate, a deep pressure pit may be formed. When the electrode is lifted after welding, the weld may be torn due to adhesion. Affect the surface quality of the weldment;

3 If the welding surface has oil contamination and impurities, it will produce air holes and cracks when welding, which will affect the airtightness of welding. In addition, when impurities such as oil stains are generated during welding, harmful gases and fumes are generated, causing environmental pollution and endangering human health.

5. The impact on the barrel flange, pressure line, bulging process. For barrel flanges, crimp lines, and bulging processes, some barrel-making companies use one process; some companies use two processes; some companies also use three processes. Although the processing methods adopted by companies vary, the results are consistent. If the steel plate contains too much carbon, sulfur and phosphorus, the plastic deformation capacity of the material will decrease and the toughness will be poor. Its strength and hardness will increase, and brittleness will increase. Therefore, at the time of flanging, cracks appear at the edge of the flanging, and some even appear large cracks. As the hardness of the material increases, the rebound is severe, so the size after the flanging can not meet the technical requirements; when the wire and the bulging, due to the existence of the rebound problem, the small line and the ribs can not be raised. In addition, due to the brittleness of the material, it is easily broken or cracked during the crimping and bulging.

Third, the impact of the assembly process on the steel barrel

The assembly process of the steel drum is to assemble the processed barrel body, barrel top and cover by means of mechanical engagement. If the material used for processing steel drums contains too much carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus, the plasticity of the material decreases, but the hardness and brittleness increase. During the assembly of the steel drum, due to the gradual advancement of the forming roller, the bottom of the bucket, the top and the barrel body are naturally bitten and rolled together, and then pressed by two rollers to prevent leakage. However, as the hardness of the steel plate increases, the rebound amount increases, so the formed steel drum easily rebounds, increases the seam gap, thereby causing leakage of the steel drum; In addition, due to the material becomes brittle, in the roll In the edge process, cracks and breakages are prone to occur; if the surface of the steel plate has oil stains, rust, water, or dust, a layer of sealant applied to the edge surface of the barrel cannot encroach on the entire edge surface of the barrel when it is cured. It will not form an integral ring-shaped seal, causing leakage of the steel drum.

Fourth, the impact of the coating process on steel barrels

After processing, the steel drums must be painted. When painting, if there is oil stain, dust, water stain on the surface of steel drum (without surface pretreatment or surface pretreatment but not treated cleanly), the surface of steel drum after coating will have exposed bottom, pit, pinhole, Poor adhesion of paint film and paint film fall off; if the surface of the drum is uneven, the surface of the steel drum after painting sometimes appears blistering; if the drum surface has oxide scale and rust, the coated steel In addition to the formation of pits on the surface of the barrel, it is also very easy to rust. This is because the oxide scale and iron rust on the surface of the steel drum form a micro battery after encountering water, thereby further corroding the surface of the steel drum.

Through the above analysis, we can understand that the quality of steel drum raw materials directly affects the quality of the steel drum itself. Therefore, in order to strengthen enterprise management and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, steel drum companies are actively carrying out ISO9000 certification. The ISO9000 standard has specific requirements for companies from the procurement of raw materials to the production of the entire production process. Therefore, in order to produce high-quality steel drums, it is necessary to pick up raw materials for the production of steel drums.

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