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Organic fertilizers include all fertilizers that can be used in addition to chemical fertilizers. They are usually based on human and animal waste, crop straw and green manure. Organic fertilizers have comprehensive nutrient and long-lasting balanced fertilizer effects, which can improve soil structure, fertilize soil fertility, and promote the release of soil nutrients, especially for the development of organic agriculture, green agriculture and pollution-free agriculture.
The human feces and urine have a high nutrient content, and the storage is mainly for leakage prevention, nitrogen retention and harmless treatment. First of all, the toilet should be remodeled. The bottom and the periphery of the toilet septic tank should be treated with anti-seepage treatment, and the top should be covered with shading. The second is to add soil and nitrogen, use fine soil in a ratio of 1:3 to 4, and store it on site. The third can be used to produce high-temperature compost, which will pile up the excrement and stalks, kill germs, eggs, and fertilize.
Human excrement is suitable for application in leafy vegetables, cereals and fiber crops, and should not be applied on tobacco, potato, sugar beet and other chlorine-repellent crops, and should not be applied on saline-alkali soil.
Manure is a mixture of pigs, horses, cattle, sheep and other large livestock excrement and various gasket materials, collectively known as manure. Fresh manure needs to be piled and decomposed for a period of time to be used, suitable for all kinds of soils and crops, and the accumulation process is centered on nitrogen retention. First, it is necessary to time the gasket, in time to circle, the material to choose fine soil or broken firewood, when using soil gasket, the ratio of soil is 1:3 ~ 4. Second, when the composted compost is ready for use, it should be compacted and sealed with mud. Third, avoid using alkaline material gaskets such as grass ash to prevent nitrogen volatilization. After composting manure do kind of fertilizer, fertilizer and base fertilizer before planting; on poor sandy soils should be used in composting manure degree, not every volume, deeper facilities; should be used in the heavy clay soil better degree of maturity The manure can be used more at a time, but it should be applied shallowly.
Composting compost is a fertilizer that is fermented by microorganisms under the action of microorganisms by using raw materials such as straw, weeds, garbage, etc., plus a certain proportion of human excrement, hummer and soil. It is a high-quality fertilizer containing a large amount of organic matter. Various crops and soils.
(1) High-temperature composting technology 1. In summer, a circular rectangular pit is dug in the leeward direction, and the depth is 100 cm. The size depends on the amount of pile rot material. The soil taken out is made at the side of the pit, 70~100 above the ground. cm. At the bottom of the pit, the "Ten" word ventilation groove with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 20 cm is attached to the ground to the ground.
And a layer of straw on which the respective vertical and horizontal, to maintain a vent groove floor space and circulation.
2, the ratio of materials piled up. 500 kg of straw, manure mule 300 kg, 100 to 200 kg human waste, 800 to 1,000 kg of water.
3, cut the straw into 5 to 6 cm long, spread a rectangular pile of 60 ~ 70 cm thick, sprinkle all kinds of materials evenly, then pour water from one side of the pile, fully mix, mix the material into the pit, to high soil ridge, with soil seal.
4, generally a few days after the reactor temperature up to 70 ℃, until the reactor temperature to break down the stack, the material is sufficiently tip, again deposited, typically 3 to 4 times tip, about 30 days can alternate decomposition.
(2) "301" microbial fast-stacking straw technology "301" microbial agent is a kind of high-temperature fungus with strong saprophytic activity. The organic matter of straw fertilizer is up to 40.5%, and all kinds of nutrients are higher than ordinary compost. An all-efficient, high-quality organic fertilizer.
1. Choose the wind from the back to the shade, and dig a pit of 150 cm wide and 20 cm deep. The length of the straw depends on the amount of straw, and the soil excavated is used to repair the soil.
2, material ratio. Add 5 kg of "301" microbial agent and 5 kg of urea (or 50-100 kg of fresh human excrement) per 1000 kg of straw.
3, cut the straw into 30 cm long section, fully absorb water and build the pile, follow the pile with the step, watering 60 cm high, sprinkle the first layer of bacteria and urea (or human excrement), the amount accounted for 50%, and then When the pile is piled up, the pile height is 120 cm, the water is poured, the remaining bacteria and urea are sprinkled, and when piled up to 150 cm high, the leveling is made.
4, the fertilizer pile with 4 ~ 6 cm of thin mud smooth seal, plus cover film, 15 ~ 20 days or so turn over, watering the water tight seal.
5. After a period of fermentation, take a small amount of fertilizer from the side. If it has been blackened and rotten, it can be applied.
Although organic fertilizer has many advantages, relative to chemical fertilizer, the nutrient content is low, the application amount is large, and the fertilizer efficiency is slow. Therefore, in order to obtain high yield and improve fertilizer efficiency, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer must be applied together to complement each other and make it suitable for each other.
The human feces and urine have a high nutrient content, and the storage is mainly for leakage prevention, nitrogen retention and harmless treatment. First of all, the toilet should be remodeled. The bottom and the periphery of the toilet septic tank should be treated with anti-seepage treatment, and the top should be covered with shading. The second is to add soil and nitrogen, use fine soil in a ratio of 1:3 to 4, and store it on site. The third can be used to produce high-temperature compost, which will pile up the excrement and stalks, kill germs, eggs, and fertilize.
Human excrement is suitable for application in leafy vegetables, cereals and fiber crops, and should not be applied on tobacco, potato, sugar beet and other chlorine-repellent crops, and should not be applied on saline-alkali soil.
Manure is a mixture of pigs, horses, cattle, sheep and other large livestock excrement and various gasket materials, collectively known as manure. Fresh manure needs to be piled and decomposed for a period of time to be used, suitable for all kinds of soils and crops, and the accumulation process is centered on nitrogen retention. First, it is necessary to time the gasket, in time to circle, the material to choose fine soil or broken firewood, when using soil gasket, the ratio of soil is 1:3 ~ 4. Second, when the composted compost is ready for use, it should be compacted and sealed with mud. Third, avoid using alkaline material gaskets such as grass ash to prevent nitrogen volatilization. After composting manure do kind of fertilizer, fertilizer and base fertilizer before planting; on poor sandy soils should be used in composting manure degree, not every volume, deeper facilities; should be used in the heavy clay soil better degree of maturity The manure can be used more at a time, but it should be applied shallowly.
Composting compost is a fertilizer that is fermented by microorganisms under the action of microorganisms by using raw materials such as straw, weeds, garbage, etc., plus a certain proportion of human excrement, hummer and soil. It is a high-quality fertilizer containing a large amount of organic matter. Various crops and soils.
(1) High-temperature composting technology 1. In summer, a circular rectangular pit is dug in the leeward direction, and the depth is 100 cm. The size depends on the amount of pile rot material. The soil taken out is made at the side of the pit, 70~100 above the ground. cm. At the bottom of the pit, the "Ten" word ventilation groove with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 20 cm is attached to the ground to the ground.
And a layer of straw on which the respective vertical and horizontal, to maintain a vent groove floor space and circulation.
2, the ratio of materials piled up. 500 kg of straw, manure mule 300 kg, 100 to 200 kg human waste, 800 to 1,000 kg of water.
3, cut the straw into 5 to 6 cm long, spread a rectangular pile of 60 ~ 70 cm thick, sprinkle all kinds of materials evenly, then pour water from one side of the pile, fully mix, mix the material into the pit, to high soil ridge, with soil seal.
4, generally a few days after the reactor temperature up to 70 ℃, until the reactor temperature to break down the stack, the material is sufficiently tip, again deposited, typically 3 to 4 times tip, about 30 days can alternate decomposition.
(2) "301" microbial fast-stacking straw technology "301" microbial agent is a kind of high-temperature fungus with strong saprophytic activity. The organic matter of straw fertilizer is up to 40.5%, and all kinds of nutrients are higher than ordinary compost. An all-efficient, high-quality organic fertilizer.
1. Choose the wind from the back to the shade, and dig a pit of 150 cm wide and 20 cm deep. The length of the straw depends on the amount of straw, and the soil excavated is used to repair the soil.
2, material ratio. Add 5 kg of "301" microbial agent and 5 kg of urea (or 50-100 kg of fresh human excrement) per 1000 kg of straw.
3, cut the straw into 30 cm long section, fully absorb water and build the pile, follow the pile with the step, watering 60 cm high, sprinkle the first layer of bacteria and urea (or human excrement), the amount accounted for 50%, and then When the pile is piled up, the pile height is 120 cm, the water is poured, the remaining bacteria and urea are sprinkled, and when piled up to 150 cm high, the leveling is made.
4, the fertilizer pile with 4 ~ 6 cm of thin mud smooth seal, plus cover film, 15 ~ 20 days or so turn over, watering the water tight seal.
5. After a period of fermentation, take a small amount of fertilizer from the side. If it has been blackened and rotten, it can be applied.
Although organic fertilizer has many advantages, relative to chemical fertilizer, the nutrient content is low, the application amount is large, and the fertilizer efficiency is slow. Therefore, in order to obtain high yield and improve fertilizer efficiency, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer must be applied together to complement each other and make it suitable for each other.
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