Qingdao Energy Institute made new progress in the application of biological self-assembled materials

Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in biological systems and forms the basis for the formation of complex biological structures. Virus is a typical self-assembly. The bionic nanostructures prepared as a carrier or template have extensive applications in biosensing and detection, gene delivery, novel nanodevices, biomedical imaging and tumor diagnosis.

Recently, Wang Fei, a doctoral student in the biosensing technology team of the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, used a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique to construct a multifunctional virus-like nanocomposite by realizing the assembly mechanism of bacteriophage and achieved colon cancer cell SW620. Targeted fluorescence detection and photothermal killing. This result was published online in Scientific Reports (F. Wang, et al., Scientific Reports 2014, 4, 6080).

The researchers first screened SW620 cell-specific peptides from the f8/8 landscape phage library, using their dipoles with different charges at the N- and C-termini, simulating the assembly process of filamentous bacteriophages to separate fluorescent molecules and separations. The targeted pVIII protein was oriented and assembled on the surfaces of the gold and silver heterogeneous nanorods in sequence, so that the N-terminus fused with the specific octapeptide faced to the outside, and a multifunctional virus-like nanocomposite material was obtained ( FIG. 1 ). The use of this composite material successfully achieved targeted fluorescence detection of tumor cells (Figure 2).

The virus-like nanocomposite has excellent biocompatibility and high photothermal conversion efficiency, and the laser power required for killing tumor cells is only 4 W/cm2, which is lower than that of traditional gold nanorods and other silver nanoparticles. The required 10 W/cm2 enables highly efficient photothermal killing of tumor cells (Figure 3).

The above research was led by Professor Liu Aixin. Professor Valery A. Petrenko from Auburn University and Professor Li Cuncheng from Jinan University participated in the research. The project was funded by the National Fund Committee's Major Research Program for Controlled Self-Assembly System and Functionalization.

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