![<?echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];?>](/template/twentyseventeen/skin/images/header.jpg)
Cultivation season
Okra is warm, afraid of frost, the whole growth period should be arranged in the frost-free period, and the flowering result period should be in the warm and humid season. Open field cultivation, sowing from April to June in the north and south, harvesting from July to October. North China is generally planted in mid-to-late April to May. In the cold regions of the north, the greenhouses and plastic greenhouses are commonly used for seedlings. After the early spring and evening creams, they are planted in Daejeon.
2. Site preparation
Okra avoids continuous cropping, and can not be connected with fruit vegetables to avoid root-knot nematodes. It is best to choose root vegetables, leafy vegetables, etc. for the first time. The soil is deep in soil, fertile and loose, and it is better to keep water and retain loam. After the harvest before the winter, the ploughing was carried out in time, and 75,000 kg of decomposed manure and 300 kg of NPK compound fertilizer were removed per hectare. Open field cultivation method: line spacing 40 cm, plant spacing 12 cm, sulcus width 50 cm. If planted in the field by the side of the field, by the side of the road, by the river, the plant spacing is 12 cm, 3 holes per hole, ventilation and light transmission, easy to manage.
3. Sowing seedlings
Directly broadcasted, soaked in 20-25 ° C warm water for 12 hours before sowing, then wiped dry, germination for 48 hours at 25-30 ° C, until half of the seeds are white, you can sow, according to the line spacing 40 cm, plant spacing 12 cm First, pour the bottom of the water, soak 2-3 capsules per hole, cover the soil 2-3 cm, plant about 6000 holes per acre.
(1) Live broadcast: French yellow okra is broadcast live. Seed soaking for 12 hours before sowing, and then germination at 25-30 °C. After about 24 hours, the seeds began to sprout, and when 60%-70% of the seeds were "broken", they were sown. Sowing is suitable for seeding, with 3 holes per hole and 2-3 cm deep. All localities should be planted at the appropriate time after the final frost period, first watering, then sowing, and then covering the soil about 2 cm.
(2) Seedling: transplanting method The northern part of the northern part of the country is planted in Yangshuo and solar greenhouses in the middle and upper third months. The bed soil is prepared by mixing 6 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1 part of fine sand. Seed soaking before germination, leveling the seedbed, according to the plant spacing 10 cm on demand, covering soil thickness of about 2 cm. After the sowing, the bed soil temperature should be kept at 25 ° C, and the soil should be germinated and unearthed in 4-5 days. Seedling age 30-40 days, seedlings 2-3 pieces of true leaves when planted. It is best to use seedlings such as plastic hoes and nutritive clods to cultivate seedlings of appropriate age.
4. Field management
(1) Miao Miao: When the heart breaks, the first time the seedlings are broken, and the weak seedlings are removed. The second time seedlings in 2-3 true leaves, choose to stay strong seedlings. When 3-4 pieces of true leaves are fixed, one seed is left per hole.
(2) cultivating weeding and soil
After the seedlings are unearthed or planted, the temperature is low, and the cultivation should be carried out twice in a row to increase the ground temperature and promote the slow seedling. Strengthen the cultivating before the first flower is opened, so that the seedlings can be properly seeded to facilitate root development. After the flowering result, the plant grows faster. After each watering and topdressing, it should be cultivated, and the cultivating soil before the ridge is closed to prevent the plants from lodging. In the summer rainy and windy areas, it is best to use about 1 meter of bamboo rafts, or branches to be inserted near the plants to prevent lodging.
(3) watering and fertilizing
1 Watering: The okra requires high air and soil moisture during the growth period. It is advisable to spray artificially in the morning and evening when there is water shortage within 20 days after sowing. After the seedlings are slightly larger, they can be mechanically sprinkled or furrowed. The summer season is the harvest period of the okra. The water demand is large and the surface temperature is high. It should be watered before sunset in the afternoon before 9:00 in the afternoon to avoid watering the roots under high temperature. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season to prevent dead seedlings. The whole growth period is to maintain the soil moisture.
2 top dressing: on the basis of the application of base fertilizer, appropriate topdressing should be applied, and nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied. The first time is Qi Miaofei, which is carried out after emergence, and 90-120 kg of urea per hectare.
The second time is to raise the seedling fertilizer, to fix the seedlings or to plant the ditch and remove the application, and apply 225-300 kg of compound fertilizer per hectare. During the flowering period, the fertilizer is re-applied, the human feces are diluted 30,000-45000 kg, or the NPK compound fertilizer is 300-450 kg. In the middle and late growth stages, a small amount of topdressing is applied as many times as necessary to prevent premature senescence of the plants.
(4) Plant adjustment Okra under the normal conditions, the plant grows vigorously, the main side branches are thick, the leaves are hypertrophied, and the flowering results are delayed. Twisting method can be adopted, that is, the petiole is twisted into a curved sagging to control vegetative growth. In the middle and late stages of fertility, the old leaves of the sections that have been harvested below the tender fruit are removed in time, which can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, reduce nutrient consumption, and prevent the spread of pests and diseases. The tender harvesting of the tender fruit can promote the collateral results and improve the early yield.
5. Harvesting
It takes about 55 days for the okra to form from the sowing to the first tender fruit. In the future, the entire harvest period will last for 90-120 days, and the whole growth period can reach 150 days or even longer. The standard for the picking of commercial fresh fruit of okra is 8-10 cm in fruit length, the fruit is bright green, and the seeds in the fruit are not aged. If the harvest is not timely, the meat is aging, the fiber is increased, and the edible value of the commodity is greatly reduced. Generally, after the first fruit is harvested, it is collected once every 2-4 days, and the harvesting interval is shortened as the temperature increases. Harvested in August, every day or every other day. After September, the temperature dropped and it was harvested once every 3-4 days. Scissors should be used for harvesting, and gloves should be put on to avoid puncturing the skin on the stems, leaves and fruits, and itching is difficult. At this time, wash it with soapy water or lightly roast on the fire to reduce the degree of itching. Usually, the tender fruit is harvested 4 days after the flowering, and the quality is the best. The yield per mu is more than 2000-3000 kg.
3. Post-harvest preservation
The tender pods have strong respiration and are prone to yellowing and old after harvest. If it cannot be eaten or processed in time, it should be kept fresh. The tender pods are placed in a plastic bag, flowed in cold water at 4-5 ° C, cooled to about 10 ° C in 10 minutes, and then stored in a 7-10 ° C environment, maintaining 95% relative humidity, can be kept fresh 7-10 day. The tender fruit that is exported to other places must be cut in the morning, put into the storage bag or plastic box, and then gently put into the carton or wooden box, and then sent to the 0-5 °C cold storage for pre-cooling as soon as possible. If the tender pods are dark, soft and yellow, they should be treated immediately and cannot be stored.
Stainless Steel Plate(BA)
Stainless Steel Ss Plate,Stainless Steel Ss Sheet,Stainless Steel Plate 316,Stainless Steel Plate Sheet
Zhonglian Yongsheng Special Steel Co.,Ltd , https://www.zlysssteel.com