Cotton fertilizer requirement and balanced fertilization technology

Cotton fertilizer requirement and high-yield fertilization technology The fertilizer requirement of cotton The role of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in cotton production. Nitrogen has the most obvious effect on cotton and the longest time. From the seedling to the flowering and bolling stage, an appropriate amount of nitrogen is needed. The nitrogen supply is moderate, the cotton leaves are dark, the plants are robust, the buds are numerous, the yield is high, and the quality is good. If the supply of nitrogen in the seedling stage is too much, it will cause the cotton to grow. If the supply of nitrogen in the medium term is insufficient, the cotton leaves will turn yellow and become smaller and fall off more, resulting in early premature aging and low yield. Excessive supply of nitrogen in the middle and late stages will cause cotton to grow wild, thereby reducing quality and seriously affecting production. Phosphorus can promote root development in the early stage of cotton growth, and early growth of seedlings plays an important role in early flowering and early flowering, and promotes early maturity, increases boll weight and improves quality in the later stage. Potassium can play a role in strengthening the stalk and increasing the resistance to adverse factors. When potassium is deficient, the plant is susceptible to disease, the leaves turn red, and die early. Cotton red leaf stem blight is mainly caused by potassium deficiency.
According to the test, for every 100 kilograms of lint produced, about 13.35 kg of nitrogen, 4.65 kg of phosphorus and 13.35 kg of potassium were absorbed from the soil. Our test results are that the production of 100 kg of seed cotton per mu absorbs 5 kg of nitrogen, 1.8 kg of phosphorus and 4.6 kg of potassium from the soil. The above results are relatively close. The amount of nutrients absorbed by cotton during different growth periods is different. According to the study, the number of N, P, and K absorbed in the seedling stage accounted for 5%, 3%, and 3% of the total period, respectively, from the bud to the initial flowering stage of 11%, 7%, and 9%, respectively. At the peak of the flowering period, they reached 56%, 24%, and 36%, respectively. From the flowering to the beginning, they were 23%, 52%, and 42%, respectively. After the boll opening, they dropped significantly, 5%, 14%, and 10%, respectively. It can be seen that the fertilizer requirement of cotton during each growth period is: the peak period of sucking fertilizer is in flowering and bolling period, the peak of nitrogen fertilizer absorption is in full bloom period, and the peak of phosphorus and potassium absorption is from full bloom to boll opening.
Cotton balanced fertilization technology 1. Apply enough base fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be based on organic fertilizer, and generally about 4,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure per acre.
50 kg of cake fertilizer, 50-70 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 15-20 kg of potassium chloride, 1 kg of zinc and boron can be mixed with organic fertilizer. Or acre of farmer's fertilizer is 3000-4000 kg, in addition, it can also apply 20 kg of special formula fertilizer for 52% cotton.
2. Lightly apply seedlings. After the cotton seedlings are transplanted and slowed down, depending on the bottom fertilizer, it is beneficial to promote a certain amount of chemical fertilizer to promote the early development of strong seedlings. The seedling stage is generally based on nitrogen fertilizer, with 2.5 kg of urea per mu and 25 kg of cake fertilizer.
3. Stable application of bud fertilizer. After the buds, the requirements for nutrients began to increase. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the bud stage accounted for 11%, 7% and 9% of the whole growth period, respectively. The bud stage should be followed by a certain amount of urea-based compound fertilizer. The ternary compound fertilizer can meet the needs of cotton planting, but it is necessary to prevent the fat and cause a long time. Generally, 20 to 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer containing 15% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium may be applied in the initial stage of cotton buds. According to the test, the seedlings and spleen fertilizers increased the yield by 6.4% compared with the multi-spreading fertilizer, and the weak seedlings applied more 8.4% than the less applied fertilizers, and the Wangmiao Shilei fertilizer did not reduce the yield by 10%, indicating that the bud fertilizer was not applied. Shi, Shi Duo Shi is very critical.
4. Reapply the flower and boll period. Flower bell fertilizer is the period in which cotton needs the most nutrients. Reapplying flower and bell fertilizer has a significant effect on fighting for “three peaches”. The amount of topdressing should account for half or more of the total fertility during the whole growth period. Generally, when 1 to 2 cotton bolls have been planted in a single cotton plant, 25 to 30 kg of special fertilizer for 52% cotton and 10 to 15 kg of urea are applied. The distance between the fertilization and the root of the cotton plant depends on the length of the cotton fruit branch. Generally, it is ditched and covered with soil at a distance of 40 cm away from the main stem of the cotton plant. However, the specific operation should be adapted to local conditions, and the cotton field with strong fertility and strong growth should be applied late. For cotton fields with poor soil fertility, low base fertilizer and weak growth, it should be applied early, but in this period, more than 80% of the cotton plants should be flowered, and there should be 1 or 2 young bells.
5. Apply top cover fertilizer. Applying topping fertilizer mainly prevents cotton deficiency and premature aging in the late stage of the cotton, and strives to multiply autumn peaches and increase the weight of the bell. At this time, the fertilizer is generally not applied to the roots, and the root dressing is often used. For the nitrogen-deficient cotton field, spray 1~1.5% urea solution 50-75 kg per mu, or spray the Leli 2000 liquid fertilizer, 5-7 days, and spray 2~3 times. For the lack of phosphorus and potassium deficiency or prolonged glutinous green late-maturing cotton field 7-10 days spray a Lei Li 2000 liquid fertilizer plus Lei Li liquid boron mixture spray 2 to 3 times, in order to reach the late yellow leaves, no leaves, no premature aging, High-yield and high-quality purposes.
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