Peanut fertilization points

In addition to the replacement of improved varieties, scientific fertilization can increase the yield of peanuts by 10% to 30%. Therefore, there are three points to be clear about the fertilizer characteristics of peanuts: First, the characteristics shared with other crops are that they require a large number of elements, a medium amount of elements, and trace elements. These elements are equally important and cannot be replaced by each other. Second, peanuts differ from grain and cotton crops in that they can produce some nitrogen fertilizers with rhizobium; third, they are sensitive to elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, molybdenum and boron.

Peanut deficiency of nitrogen, resulting in slow vegetative growth, yellow leaves, small leaves, less pods and less full: phosphorus deficiency, peanut roots are underdeveloped, no root nodules, nitrogen fixation capacity decreased, glutinous and late maturity; potassium deficiency, leaves yellow Green, in severe cases, the top of the plant wither; sulfur deficiency, will reduce the protein content of nuts; magnesium deficiency, chlorophyll can not form normally, severe leaf whitening, leaf vein chlorosis; reduce the number of nodules and branches in the absence of aluminum, and chlorophyll aging Boron deficiency, the main stem and side branches are short, the plant is short and clustered, and the growth point is dead in severe cases.

In order to give full play to the effect of fertilization technology on the increase of peanut production, in the measures of fertilization, it is necessary to adapt to local conditions and fertilize the seedlings.

First, we must pay attention to peanut fertilization. After the peanut is planted until the rhizobium is formed, the nutrients in the seed kernel are maintained to grow; the second is to absorb the nutrients in the soil. It is difficult to grow seedlings due to lack of fertilizer, and it inhibits the growth in the middle and late stages.

The second is to fertilize the soil. Practice has shown that the lower the fertility of the soil, the greater the increase in fertilizer application; the second is the medium fertility; the fertile soil, the yield increase effect is not obvious. Therefore, peanut fertilization should be applied to fertilizer in soil with poor fertility.

The third is to mix the fertilizer. The peanuts per acre can be mixed with 0.2 kg of peanut rhizobium and mixed with 2.5 to 10 g of molybdic acid; or 0.4 to 1 g of boric acid per kg of seeds can be mixed; Peanut kernels are first wetted with rice soup, and then the seeds used per acre are mixed with 1.0 to 1.5 kg of gypsum. These seed dressing methods can timely supplement the fertilizer and promote the growth of peanut seedlings. All localities can be selected and applied in conjunction with local conditions.

The fourth is to fertilize the seedlings. According to research, the ratio of peanuts to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.0:0.18:0.48. The seedling period requires less fertilizer; the amount of fertilizer required for flowering is about 25% of the total fertilizer requirement: the amount of fertilizer required for the pod-forming period accounts for 50% to 60% of the total fertilizer requirement. In this regard, in the application of fertilizer, the first is the general application of fertilizer. About 1500 kg of fermented organic fertilizer per mu, 15 to 20 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 5 kg of urea with poor fertility; second, 500 to 1000 kg of fermented organic fertilizer per mu before starting the flower, urea 4 Up to 5 kg, 10 kg of superphosphate, combined with cultivating soil; third is the initial flowering period with Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer 150 ml and 50 kg of water spray, to promote the number of pods to increase the number of pods, increase the fruit rate Significant effect; Fourth, the pod-forming period, can spray 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea solution, can receive the effect of supplementing phosphorus and nitrogen.

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