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Recently, news came from the Forbidden City that a new round of anti-theft systems will be replaced in 2014. The public forbidden city is the world's largest architectural complex of ancient wooden palaces. The cultural relics of the Forbidden City have extremely high comprehensive value. This sacred historical and cultural palace has been given too much hope. At the same time, the National Palace Museum is also the museum that receives the most arduous tasks. The safety precautions of the Imperial Palace are not only theft prevention but also include fire protection, lightning protection, earthquake protection, and trampling prevention. However, it is not easy to do a good job in the security of the Forbidden City.
First Door: Fire Door
There are many gates in the Forbidden City. Different gates are sometimes opened, sometimes closed, and the most concise channels. New security personnel must be familiar with the situation.
The firewall in the Forbidden City
Most of the excursions to the Forbidden City can be seen in fire-fighting facilities such as fire-fighting tanks and fire extinguishers, but little attention has been paid to firewalls in the building structure. Because the main halls of the Forbidden City used many wooden structures and the corridors adjoined, they did not pay attention to fire prevention during the Ming dynasty. As a result, fires occurred many times and caused fire to spread, resulting in huge losses. In the Qing dynasty, during the Kangxi era, in order to learn the lessons of fire and analyze the fires that occurred, they started to modify the Dongfang Mountain of the Hall of Supreme Harmony and Baohe Temple into a brick wall with fireproof function, and removed the connection with it. Corridor, which increases the safety factor of the palace, and at the same time in the galleries of the courtyard of the harem, craftsmen also skillfully used stone to set up four firewalls. Each firewall was built between the galleries. In the fire, the four firewalls are indistinguishable from other walls in terms of appearance. They not only play a unique role in the safety of fire protection, but also become integral to the entire building.
The Imperial Palace prepares 308 large cylinders for fire protection in winter for freezing jackets.
Visit the Forbidden City and see large tanks for water storage in front of many temples. Because most of the buildings in the Forbidden City are brick and wood structures, it is very easy to catch fire. The purpose of amplifying the cylinders in each courtyard is to “fire the disasterâ€. The copper cylinders and iron cylinders were set in the Forbidden City Palace. The original intention was to prevent fire. These large tanks are usually filled with clean water. Once a fire breaks out in the palace, the water can be fired nearby. Therefore, the large cylinder is also known as the "auspicious cylinder" and "taiping cylinder." It is said that these large vats also have a common name called "The Sea of ​​Doors." They take the meaning of the sea in front of the door, hoping that the "sea" in front of the lake will be filled with water and fire. There will be no fire in the palace.
Second Door: Security Door
The anti-theft system currently used by the Forbidden City is in 1998 and has not been updated in fourteen years. Now the National Palace Museum will comprehensively upgrade the security anti-theft detection system. The anti-theft system of the Forbidden City has been updated a bit lately and is now being stepped up. The upgraded system will be completed in 2014. Now that we have completed some of them, we will begin to use some of them. We hope to use more new technologies such as the Internet of Things to secure the ancient buildings of the Forbidden City.
Build the most advanced anti-theft system
In the anti-theft system of the Forbidden City, well-known domestic security experts have outlined the appearance of the highest-level anti-theft system composed of the current top anti-theft devices. This is a room that requires a high degree of security. It is located on the 10th floor of a glass-walled high-rise building. The room has important documents, precious collections and personal items. This building is a commercial building open to the public, with trained security and a 24-hour surveillance room.
Anti-theft monitoring system architecture
In addition to the existing unified security facilities, this room is equipped with a unique and comprehensive security system. A venous vascular line identification system was installed on the wall on the right side of the room entrance. It replaced the fingerprint identification system that might be copied and became the first access control. This is a kind of living body recognition technology, the recognition process is less than 1 second, the false rate is 0.0001%, and the rejection rate is 0.01%. In addition to patients with low blood pressure and children under the age of 7, the safety pass rate can reach 100%. Of course, a normal camera is installed on the wall facing the face and behind the head to reserve image data for use.
Open the door, and the three angles of the room are equipped with a 24-hour camera. One of them focuses on the panoramic records in the room, and the other two points in the direction of safes and other important items. Camera recorded images are wirelessly transmitted directly to the surveillance room. In addition to manual monitoring, the surveillance room screen has an intelligent identification system. Sudden occurrences of sudden movements, large movements and other abnormalities in the room will automatically lock the face image of the person and alert them. If the camera itself is covered, it will also trigger an alarm. The smoke alarm in the middle of the roof also has the same function.
The house is equipped with audio and light wave measuring devices along the floor and wall surfaces. The two systems are set to open after 8 p.m. During the set period of time, if any sound is emitted from the room and the light source appears, the anti-theft system will automatically alarm in the background. Corresponding to this, human body infrared detectors are installed in the space of the house to eliminate the room temperature of the day. If there is a sudden change in room temperature within a set time, the detector will trigger an alarm bell.
There is a painting on the wall of the room and a light sculpture on the table. The electronic chips are installed as concealed as possible on the back or bottom of these items. If the items are displaced, the alarm signal will be immediately transmitted to the monitoring room, and the GPS positioning system within the chip will send its own location to the monitoring room and every security hand-held terminal at any time.
The safe in the corner of the room has both a code lock and a venous vein pattern recognition system, and it is set in advance from 9 am to 6 pm. Any touch, including the owner, outside this time frame will trigger an alarm.
The wall facing the door is a transparent glass wall. Part of the glass wall is an openable window. Infrared detection alarm systems are installed on the walls on both sides of the window to prevent anyone from entering the room from the windows. Acoustic measuring instruments are installed on the glass and are particularly sensitive to sounds such as broken glass and splitting. A small anti-climbing radar is installed on the outside of the glass curtain wall, and a fan-shaped monitoring wall is formed in the form of a microwave for 24 hours. It can monitor any object and people near the exterior wall.
This is a complete system composed of multi-disciplinary anti-theft facilities such as sound, light, biology, and intelligent identification. However, the advanced equipment does not represent the absolute safety of the security system. The appropriate facilities are configured to form a continual and meticulous system and coordinate with air defense monitoring. In order to achieve the highest security needs. As experts say, any advanced security technology system must ultimately be implemented into people's responsibility.
Third Door: Lightning Protection Door
The lightning protection of the Forbidden City is a major event. The only fire that occurred since the founding of the PRC was a lightning strike. In 1987, Jingyang Palace was struck by lightning and caught fire.
Lightning rod ball lightning protection
With the development of science and technology, people's understanding of lightning is gradually deepened, and lightning protection technology is constantly updated, but there are mainly the following seven: lightning rod lightning protection, Faraday cage lightning protection, ball lightning protection, E·F Lightning protection system, lightning arrester protection method, lightning protection facility protection law, and artificial lightning protection lightning protection method. Several methods have their own emphasis, and the lightning rod lightning protection method is more suitable for ancient architecture. As the ancient building's lightning protection setup must not only be effective, but also try to maintain its original appearance, so lightning protection belts and nets are used as lightning receptors for ancient buildings.
Lightening rod lightning protection method is the use of lightning rod height above the object to be protected, so that the electric field under the cloud will be distorted, so that the lightning current is attracted to the lightning rod, through the deflector and grounding device into the earth, so that the object to be protected from thunder and lightning Directly. In other words, its essence is not lightning protection, but lightning.
Due to the difficulty of preventing ball mines, the best way to protect ball mines is to use shields. For general buildings (reinforced concrete), doors and windows can be combined with metal gauze and all steel reinforcements to form a cage type lightning protection net to prevent intrusion of ball mines. But it is very difficult for ancient buildings to do so. Metal screens and metal screen doors should be made for important ancient buildings and be reliably grounded. For minor ancient buildings, if metal screen doors and windows cannot be added, attention should be paid to closing doors and windows in thunderstorms and trying to reach a completely closed state. Anti-ball mine intrusion, but not paper paste windows and doors.
Fourth Door: Earthquake Gate
The quake was the nuisance of the Forbidden City. Frequent earthquakes in North China have occurred. Some major earthquakes in history have caused strong damage. Therefore, some experimental measures for earthquake prevention are now required. We have to make a storeroom where every piece of porcelain is defective and our cabinet must have some anti-dumping facilities.
Fifth Door: Door to Tread
Stampede in the Forbidden City is terrible, with huge crowds in the eyes of the Forbidden City. In the words of the head of the Tourism Commission, it has been a miracle that the Forbidden City has never been stampede for so many years. With the increase of one million person-times per year, the Forbidden City must introduce better measures to prevent trampling and crowding.
In addition, the Forbidden City will initiate the preparation of the “National Palace Protection Overall Planâ€, which will clearly and clearly define the use of the 1.1 square kilometer site of the National Palace Museum and the use of nearly 9,000 houses. It will also make the direction of future protection and utilization clearer.
Conclusion:
With the advent of the National Day holiday, the security measures of the Forbidden City during its opening to the outside world cannot be ignored. As the director of the Museum of the National Palace Museum, Shan Yuxiang, said, in the future, the Palace Museum will pay more attention to media work, strengthen communication with the general public, accept criticism with criticism, respect public opinion, gather people’s wisdom, and regard it as an important driving force for improvement. The upgrade and improvement of the security system of the Palace Museum is not only the focal point of cultural relic protection, but also an important mission related to the inheritance of ethnic culture.
First Door: Fire Door
There are many gates in the Forbidden City. Different gates are sometimes opened, sometimes closed, and the most concise channels. New security personnel must be familiar with the situation.
The firewall in the Forbidden City
Most of the excursions to the Forbidden City can be seen in fire-fighting facilities such as fire-fighting tanks and fire extinguishers, but little attention has been paid to firewalls in the building structure. Because the main halls of the Forbidden City used many wooden structures and the corridors adjoined, they did not pay attention to fire prevention during the Ming dynasty. As a result, fires occurred many times and caused fire to spread, resulting in huge losses. In the Qing dynasty, during the Kangxi era, in order to learn the lessons of fire and analyze the fires that occurred, they started to modify the Dongfang Mountain of the Hall of Supreme Harmony and Baohe Temple into a brick wall with fireproof function, and removed the connection with it. Corridor, which increases the safety factor of the palace, and at the same time in the galleries of the courtyard of the harem, craftsmen also skillfully used stone to set up four firewalls. Each firewall was built between the galleries. In the fire, the four firewalls are indistinguishable from other walls in terms of appearance. They not only play a unique role in the safety of fire protection, but also become integral to the entire building.
The Imperial Palace prepares 308 large cylinders for fire protection in winter for freezing jackets.
Visit the Forbidden City and see large tanks for water storage in front of many temples. Because most of the buildings in the Forbidden City are brick and wood structures, it is very easy to catch fire. The purpose of amplifying the cylinders in each courtyard is to “fire the disasterâ€. The copper cylinders and iron cylinders were set in the Forbidden City Palace. The original intention was to prevent fire. These large tanks are usually filled with clean water. Once a fire breaks out in the palace, the water can be fired nearby. Therefore, the large cylinder is also known as the "auspicious cylinder" and "taiping cylinder." It is said that these large vats also have a common name called "The Sea of ​​Doors." They take the meaning of the sea in front of the door, hoping that the "sea" in front of the lake will be filled with water and fire. There will be no fire in the palace.
Second Door: Security Door
The anti-theft system currently used by the Forbidden City is in 1998 and has not been updated in fourteen years. Now the National Palace Museum will comprehensively upgrade the security anti-theft detection system. The anti-theft system of the Forbidden City has been updated a bit lately and is now being stepped up. The upgraded system will be completed in 2014. Now that we have completed some of them, we will begin to use some of them. We hope to use more new technologies such as the Internet of Things to secure the ancient buildings of the Forbidden City.
Build the most advanced anti-theft system
In the anti-theft system of the Forbidden City, well-known domestic security experts have outlined the appearance of the highest-level anti-theft system composed of the current top anti-theft devices. This is a room that requires a high degree of security. It is located on the 10th floor of a glass-walled high-rise building. The room has important documents, precious collections and personal items. This building is a commercial building open to the public, with trained security and a 24-hour surveillance room.
Anti-theft monitoring system architecture
In addition to the existing unified security facilities, this room is equipped with a unique and comprehensive security system. A venous vascular line identification system was installed on the wall on the right side of the room entrance. It replaced the fingerprint identification system that might be copied and became the first access control. This is a kind of living body recognition technology, the recognition process is less than 1 second, the false rate is 0.0001%, and the rejection rate is 0.01%. In addition to patients with low blood pressure and children under the age of 7, the safety pass rate can reach 100%. Of course, a normal camera is installed on the wall facing the face and behind the head to reserve image data for use.
Open the door, and the three angles of the room are equipped with a 24-hour camera. One of them focuses on the panoramic records in the room, and the other two points in the direction of safes and other important items. Camera recorded images are wirelessly transmitted directly to the surveillance room. In addition to manual monitoring, the surveillance room screen has an intelligent identification system. Sudden occurrences of sudden movements, large movements and other abnormalities in the room will automatically lock the face image of the person and alert them. If the camera itself is covered, it will also trigger an alarm. The smoke alarm in the middle of the roof also has the same function.
The house is equipped with audio and light wave measuring devices along the floor and wall surfaces. The two systems are set to open after 8 p.m. During the set period of time, if any sound is emitted from the room and the light source appears, the anti-theft system will automatically alarm in the background. Corresponding to this, human body infrared detectors are installed in the space of the house to eliminate the room temperature of the day. If there is a sudden change in room temperature within a set time, the detector will trigger an alarm bell.
There is a painting on the wall of the room and a light sculpture on the table. The electronic chips are installed as concealed as possible on the back or bottom of these items. If the items are displaced, the alarm signal will be immediately transmitted to the monitoring room, and the GPS positioning system within the chip will send its own location to the monitoring room and every security hand-held terminal at any time.
The safe in the corner of the room has both a code lock and a venous vein pattern recognition system, and it is set in advance from 9 am to 6 pm. Any touch, including the owner, outside this time frame will trigger an alarm.
The wall facing the door is a transparent glass wall. Part of the glass wall is an openable window. Infrared detection alarm systems are installed on the walls on both sides of the window to prevent anyone from entering the room from the windows. Acoustic measuring instruments are installed on the glass and are particularly sensitive to sounds such as broken glass and splitting. A small anti-climbing radar is installed on the outside of the glass curtain wall, and a fan-shaped monitoring wall is formed in the form of a microwave for 24 hours. It can monitor any object and people near the exterior wall.
This is a complete system composed of multi-disciplinary anti-theft facilities such as sound, light, biology, and intelligent identification. However, the advanced equipment does not represent the absolute safety of the security system. The appropriate facilities are configured to form a continual and meticulous system and coordinate with air defense monitoring. In order to achieve the highest security needs. As experts say, any advanced security technology system must ultimately be implemented into people's responsibility.
Third Door: Lightning Protection Door
The lightning protection of the Forbidden City is a major event. The only fire that occurred since the founding of the PRC was a lightning strike. In 1987, Jingyang Palace was struck by lightning and caught fire.
Lightning rod ball lightning protection
With the development of science and technology, people's understanding of lightning is gradually deepened, and lightning protection technology is constantly updated, but there are mainly the following seven: lightning rod lightning protection, Faraday cage lightning protection, ball lightning protection, E·F Lightning protection system, lightning arrester protection method, lightning protection facility protection law, and artificial lightning protection lightning protection method. Several methods have their own emphasis, and the lightning rod lightning protection method is more suitable for ancient architecture. As the ancient building's lightning protection setup must not only be effective, but also try to maintain its original appearance, so lightning protection belts and nets are used as lightning receptors for ancient buildings.
Lightening rod lightning protection method is the use of lightning rod height above the object to be protected, so that the electric field under the cloud will be distorted, so that the lightning current is attracted to the lightning rod, through the deflector and grounding device into the earth, so that the object to be protected from thunder and lightning Directly. In other words, its essence is not lightning protection, but lightning.
Due to the difficulty of preventing ball mines, the best way to protect ball mines is to use shields. For general buildings (reinforced concrete), doors and windows can be combined with metal gauze and all steel reinforcements to form a cage type lightning protection net to prevent intrusion of ball mines. But it is very difficult for ancient buildings to do so. Metal screens and metal screen doors should be made for important ancient buildings and be reliably grounded. For minor ancient buildings, if metal screen doors and windows cannot be added, attention should be paid to closing doors and windows in thunderstorms and trying to reach a completely closed state. Anti-ball mine intrusion, but not paper paste windows and doors.
Fourth Door: Earthquake Gate
The quake was the nuisance of the Forbidden City. Frequent earthquakes in North China have occurred. Some major earthquakes in history have caused strong damage. Therefore, some experimental measures for earthquake prevention are now required. We have to make a storeroom where every piece of porcelain is defective and our cabinet must have some anti-dumping facilities.
Fifth Door: Door to Tread
Stampede in the Forbidden City is terrible, with huge crowds in the eyes of the Forbidden City. In the words of the head of the Tourism Commission, it has been a miracle that the Forbidden City has never been stampede for so many years. With the increase of one million person-times per year, the Forbidden City must introduce better measures to prevent trampling and crowding.
In addition, the Forbidden City will initiate the preparation of the “National Palace Protection Overall Planâ€, which will clearly and clearly define the use of the 1.1 square kilometer site of the National Palace Museum and the use of nearly 9,000 houses. It will also make the direction of future protection and utilization clearer.
Conclusion:
With the advent of the National Day holiday, the security measures of the Forbidden City during its opening to the outside world cannot be ignored. As the director of the Museum of the National Palace Museum, Shan Yuxiang, said, in the future, the Palace Museum will pay more attention to media work, strengthen communication with the general public, accept criticism with criticism, respect public opinion, gather people’s wisdom, and regard it as an important driving force for improvement. The upgrade and improvement of the security system of the Palace Museum is not only the focal point of cultural relic protection, but also an important mission related to the inheritance of ethnic culture.
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