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At present, some solar panels can achieve higher efficiency by tracking the position of the sun, but they basically use active tracking modes such as GPS positioning and engine driving. Although they can obtain more energy, they themselves also need to consume energy.
Recently, researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Madison have learned from the passive solar characteristics of sunflower, combined with liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) and carbon nanotube materials, without the need for additional energy consumption such as engine drive, enabling solar panels to passively track sunlight. Direct direction, thereby increasing the efficiency of solar power systems. The relevant research results were published in Advanced Functional Materials and were reported by Nature as a research highlight.
LCE shrinks when it is heated, and carbon nanotubes can absorb light of a wide range of wavelengths. The researchers installed multiple drivers consisting of an LCE and multiple carbon nanotubes on a solar panel, with carbon nanotubes surrounding the LCE. The carbon nanotubes absorb light and gradually warm up, which in turn causes the LCE to shrink. Due to the absorption of more light in the direct sun direction, the LCE shrinks more, causing the entire device to bend in the direction of the strongest light as the sun moves. In preliminary tests, this method can increase solar panel efficiency by 10%. Researchers are working hard to improve the performance of materials so that they can drive larger solar panels.
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