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According to the current types of pesticide processing, the application methods are not the same. There are 16 methods commonly used.
(1) Spraying method. Powder spraying is the use of wind generated by machinery to blow low-concentration or pesticide powder diluted for fine soil onto the surface of crops and control objects. It is a relatively simple method for pesticide use. However, it is required to spray evenly and thoughtfully, so that the surface of crops and pests and grasses is covered with a very thin powder. Touch the blade with your finger to see a little powder on your finger. Advantages of the dusting method: 1 easy to operate, the tool is relatively simple; 2 high work efficiency; 3 no water, can be prevented from water source, can be timely prevention; 4 crops are generally not easy to produce phytotoxicity. However, there are certain disadvantages: 1 The powder is easily lost by the wind and easily washed by the rain. Therefore, the amount of the powder adhered to the surface of the crop is reduced, the residual period of the medicament is shortened, and the control effect is reduced. 2 units consume more medicine, which is not economically cheaper than spraying. 3 polluting the environment and the personnel themselves.
(2) Spray method. Pesticide preparations such as emulsifiable concentrates, milk powders, suspensions, soluble powders, water-based preparations and wettable powders can be mixed into a certain amount of water to form a uniform emulsion, solution and suspension, etc. The liquid forms tiny droplets of water. The size of the droplets depends on the level of the spray water pressure, the size and shape of the nozzle aperture, and the size of the vortex chamber. Generally, the larger the water pressure, the smaller the nozzle aperture, and the smaller the vortex chamber, the smaller the diameter of the mist that is atomized. The greater the density of the droplets, the better the spreadability and adhesion of the cream, the milk powder, the suspension and the wettable agent than the powder, the leaching of the rainwater, the long residual period, and the dose of the contact with the pests. The greater the chances, the better the control will be. Before the 1950s, large-volume sprays were used to spray more than 50 liters per acre. However, spray technology has developed greatly in the past 10 years, mainly because of the promotion and application of ultra-low-volume spray technology in agricultural production. The amount of sprayed liquid will develop to a low-capacity trend, and the amount of liquid sprayed per acre is only 0.1~2 liters. At present, countries with relatively developed foreign industries often use small passenger spray methods because they have many advantages: 1 less liquid consumption; 2 less labor; 3 less mechanical power consumption; 4 higher work efficiency; 5 high control effect; High efficiency.
(3) poison bait method. The bait is mainly used to control underground pests that are harmful to the seedlings of crops and are active on the ground. Such as small tigers and houseworms, house flies and other health pests. It is made by mixing pests, rodents and pesticides that are eaten by rats, and attracting them to feed them to achieve the purpose of poisoning. For example, 90% crystal trichlorfon 1 per acre can be dissolved in a small amount of water, and 40 grams of chopped fresh grass is mixed. In the evening, it is scattered in the vicinity of cotton seedlings or corn seedling roots, and its control effect is remarkable. As bait for bait, wheat bran, rice bran, corn chips, bean cake, sawdust, grass and leaves, etc., no matter which one is used as bait, it must be ground and chopped. It is best to fry these baits until they can make aroma.昧, and then mix the pesticide to make a bait (the hen oil or sugar is best added to the bait of the rodent and the housefly), so as to better trap the pests and rodents, house flies and the like.
In addition, the poisonous valley is mainly used to control underground pests such as cockroaches and golden worms. Because the preparation of poisonous valleys requires food, etc., it is not widely used now. In fact, poisonous valleys are also a kind of poison baits. Recently, some new pesticides and pesticides are also reasonably priced, and they can be directly used for seed dressing or toxic soil in the soil, and can effectively control some underground pests.
(4) Seed treatment method. Seed treatment has four methods of seed dressing, debt intrusion, soaking seeds and stuffing. 1 seed dressing method. Mostly it is treated with powder and granules. Seed dressing is to use a kind of quantitative agent and quantitative seed, and install it in the seed dresser, stir and mix, so that each seed can be evenly coated with a layer of powder. After sowing, the agent can gradually play a defense against bacteria or The effectiveness of pests, this treatment method is very effective in controlling the bacteria on the surface of the hand or preventing pests in the seedling stage of the underground pests, and the dosage is small. Save labor and reduce pollution to the atmosphere. For example, in 1500-2000 grams of water, 50% phoxim or 50% monocrotophos 100g can be used to control underground pests such as cockroaches. The efficacy period can be maintained for more than 30 days. For example, the amount of cottonseed per acre is evenly mixed with 3% Keweiwei granules. After mixing, it can be sown to control aphids in cotton seedlings; the effect is very good, and the efficacy period can be maintained for more than 60 days. The mixed seeds usually need to be stuffed for a day or two, so that the seeds can absorb as much as possible of the medicament, which will improve the effect of disease prevention and insecticide, and 2 soaking methods. Immerse seeds or seedlings in a certain concentration of liquid medicine, and after a certain period of time, the seeds or seedlings absorb the medicine to prevent the bacteria or seedlings on the inside and outside of the treated seeds and seedlings, for example, using 40% bacteria. 4kg of gelatin suspension, 500kg of water, 0.4% of liquid medicine, 200kg of cottonseed, about 10~15 hours, stirring 1~2 times, remove and drain or prepare for drying The effect on the control of cotton blight and verticillium wilt is very significant. 3 impregnation method. Spread the seeds that need to be treated on the ground, the thickness is about 16.6 cm (5 inches), then spray the diluted liquid evenly on the seeds, and constantly flip them, so that the seeds are all wet, and the mats are piled up for a day. After the drug solution is absorbed by the seed, it is sown. Although this method is very simple, it can also meet the requirements of soaking seeds. 4 stuffy method. Insecticide fungicide mixed with smuggling disease prevention and control pests, add 200g 25% carbendazim in 1.5～2.5kg water, then add 0.2kg 50% monocrotophos, stir well and spray mixed wheat 50kg After mixing and suffocating for 6 hours, it can achieve the effect of both disease prevention and insecticide.
(5) Soil treatment method. Spread on the soil or green manure crops, then plow the soil into the soil, or use the medicine to ditch or pour the roots of the plants to kill or inhibit the pests and diseases in the soil. For example, using 2.5% trichlorfon powder 2 ~ 2.5 kg mixed fine soil 25 grams, sprinkled on the green manure, with the ploughing, it is very effective for the prevention and control of small tigers, and 3% grams of Budweiser granules per acre The agent is 1.5 to 2 dry grams, and is spread in the rhizosphere of corn, soybean and sugar cane, which can effectively control various pests on the above crops.
(6) Fumigation method. The use of chemicals to produce toxic gases, in the closed conditions, used to eliminate wheat moths, bean elephants, è°· ç›—, red bollworms and the like in the stored grain cotton.
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