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Because solid wood furniture is a labor-intensive industry, and there are noises, dust, paint mist and harmful gases in the production process, in recent years, the industry is in Italy, Germany, Canada, the United States, France and other traditional production and exporting countries. Gradually decline. Since the 1980s, global furniture production has gradually shifted, and the transfer has been largely carried out in two paths. One is to transfer to areas where consumption is relatively cheap, such as Poland and Mexico. Polish furniture relies on geographical advantages close to Western Europe, with exports accounting for nearly 90% of total production, and 78% of furniture exports to EU countries. Mexico relies on the geographical advantage of the United States, and 90% of its exports of furniture and accessories are sold to the United States. The second is to transfer to China, Malaysia, Vietnam and other developing countries, especially to China. From 2001 to 2005, the compound growth rate of China's furniture exports was 30.16%, and the share of furniture exports in the global market increased from 14.6% in 2003 to 17.21% in 2005. In 2005, China's furniture exports reached US$ 13.767 billion, making it the world's largest exporter of furniture, higher than the US$ 10.897 billion in Italy, the second largest furniture exporter, and US$ 6.195 billion in Germany, the third largest furniture exporter. The domestic and international furniture market has great potential. Furniture consumption in Europe and the United States has entered a stable period, and the growth of furniture consumption will remain stable. In recent years, there has been a trend in furniture consumption in Europe and the United States, that is, the renewal cycle of furniture has accelerated, which has promoted the growth of furniture consumption. For example, due to changes in household income and lifestyle changes, the service life of European household kitchen utensils has been reduced from the previous 20 years to 11 years. American furniture has been updated more quickly, and it will be updated once every 4 years. Changed in years. In the case that European and American furniture demand will continue to grow and China's furniture manufacturing is still relatively competitive, China's furniture exports will continue to grow rapidly in the future. It is estimated that before 2010, Chinese furniture will grow at an average annual rate of 30%. In 2010, China's furniture exports will reach US$48 billion (Figure 1). With the increase of income of Chinese residents, the accelerated expansion of housing construction area, the expansion of hotel and office building area, and the awareness of furniture brands, China's furniture demand has entered a new stage, and domestic demand has great potential. At present, China's per capita furniture consumption is less than 100 yuan, far lower than the world average of 200 US dollars, and the consumption level of wood flooring is lower. With the continuous development of China's national economy and the arrival of the golden period of real estate industry development, it is expected that the average compound growth rate of China's furniture consumption will reach more than 10% in the next decade. The competitive advantage of China's furniture manufacturing will exist for a long time. Because China has various advantages in furniture manufacturing, and these advantages will not disappear in the short term, Chinese furniture exports have obvious competitive advantages in the world. First, the labor cost advantage and skill advantage are outstanding. From the absolute wages of workers in the furniture industry, the basic wage of Chinese furniture workers is about 4 yuan / hour, while the basic wage of workers in the furniture industry in Europe and the United States is about 12 dollars / hour, even in countries such as Mexico and Poland, workers in the furniture industry The basic salary is also much higher than that of the Chinese furniture industry. In addition, from the perspective of labor costs per unit of product, although the labor costs of Chinese manufacturing companies have risen rapidly in recent years, the labor cost of China's unit products has been declining year by year due to the increase in mechanization. In 2005, the labor cost per unit of product was only equivalent to 1998. 78%. In addition, China's long history of furniture manufacturing has provided the industry with a large skilled workforce. Because of these skilled workers, in the face of the complex design requirements of customers, companies can not only get more orders, but also reduce design costs and improve the overall production cost advantage of the company. Second, it has the advantage of industrial clusters. The industrial chain of furniture manufacturing involves raw materials such as logs, sawn timber, wood boards, hardware fittings, plastics, and other materials such as paint, glue, sandpaper, and packaging materials. At present, the industrial cluster and specialized division of modern Chinese furniture have gradually formed, which has increased the degree of specialization of Chinese furniture manufacturing and exerted the advantages of industrial scale. First of all, China's furniture industry clusters are generally in the form of industrial parks. These large and small industrial parks in different regions form a huge industrial cluster, which is conducive to furniture companies to quickly respond to market changes and reduce production costs; Secondly, some regions and enterprises carry out industry segmentation, such as the Chinese furniture trade capital of Guangdong Lecong, the first town of China's furniture export in Guangdong Dalingshan, the mahogany furniture production base in Dayong Town, Zhongshan, Guangdong, and the Chinese chair of Zhejiang Anji. The hometown of the industry, the hometown of Chinese tables and chairs in Ningjin, Shandong. In addition, the production efficiency advantage is obvious. Although the European and American traditional furniture manufacturing countries have important advantages close to the consumer market, the lack of flexible labor time system limits the improvement of production efficiency; the emerging furniture producing countries limit the improvement of production efficiency due to the lack of developed industrial supporting systems. For example, Indonesia has low labor costs and abundant forest resources. Furniture should have a strong competitive advantage. However, due to incomplete furniture supporting facilities and relatively backward production equipment, the quality control of furniture is not strict and delivery is not timely, which greatly weakens Indonesia. The competitiveness of the furniture industry. Metal furniture and furniture parts industry is worthy of attention In recent years, China's wooden furniture has maintained a dominant export position, while other types of furniture have grown rapidly, especially metal furniture and furniture parts. Due to the trend of metallization and standardization in the global furniture industry, the growth rate of Chinese metal furniture and wooden furniture is much higher than that of wooden furniture. In 2005, among the Chinese furniture exports, wooden furniture accounted for 33.83%, metal furniture accounted for 14.34%, and other furniture including sofas accounted for 44.33%. However, in terms of growth rate, in 2004 and 2005, the growth rate of wooden furniture was 29.7% and 26.5%, respectively, and the growth rate was the lowest; metal furniture was 40.9%, 42.7%, furniture parts were 43.2%, 43.8%, and the growth rate was the highest. .
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