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In steel forging and hot rolling hot processing, due to the reaction of iron in steel and air, iron oxide scale is often formed in large quantities, causing accumulation and wasting resources. If these resources are used rationally, the production cost can be reduced, and at the same time, it can play an environmental protection and energy saving role. The main components of the iron oxide scale are Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeO. Among them, the outermost layer of iron oxide skin is Fe2O3, which accounts for about 10% of the thickness of the iron oxide scale, and prevents oxidation; the middle is Fe3O4, about 50%, and the innermost contact with iron is FeO, about 40%.
The current application of iron oxide scale has the following aspects:
1. Chemical industry
The iron oxide scale is supplied to a chemical plant for the production of iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, and the like. Among them, the liquid phase precipitation method using iron oxide scale as a main raw material can produce iron red from yellow phase red to purple phase red color.
2. Manufacturing ferrosilicon alloy
The main raw material for smelting ferrosilicon alloy is steel scrap. The steel scraps consumed by smelting ferrosilicon alloy in the country are about 2 million tons per year. The process of smelting ferrosilicon alloy with iron oxide instead of steel scrap has matured and been applied. Silica, metallurgical coke particles and iron oxide scale are used as raw materials to form ferrosilicon under a reducing atmosphere. The annual iron oxide scale in the country is about 10 million tons. Ample raw materials can be provided.
3. Sintering raw materials
Iron oxide scale is a good auxiliary material for sintering. On the one hand, the relatively large particle size of the iron oxide scale can improve the gas permeability of the sintered layer. On the other hand, FeO in the iron oxide scale will release a large amount of heat during the process of combustion and oxidation into Fe2O3. Reducing solid fuel consumption while increasing sintering productivity, experience has shown that 8% of iron oxide scale can increase production by about 2%.
In addition, iron oxide scale can also be used to make sponge iron. The produced sponge iron has high w(Fe), low impurity content and stable composition. Compared with the sponge iron produced by ore, it does not contain gangue impurities and can be used as high-quality scrap steel raw materials. At the same time, the reduced iron powder can be produced by a coarse reduction method or a fine reduction method.
At present, in the domestic, iron oxide skin as a sintering raw material, has formed a large-scale industrial production. The production of ferrosilicon alloy from iron oxide scale has a simple process and a large-scale production trend.
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