![<?echo $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];?>](/template/twentyseventeen/skin/images/header.jpg)
Masonry engineering generally uses these materials: cement, river sand, bricks, marble, corner lines, steel bars, wall plasters (caugins), and ceramic tiles. Next we will perform a more detailed decomposition of each of the above materials.
Cement: What should you pay attention to when buying cement?
The strength and safety of cement is an important indicator of the quality of cement, and cement with poor stability will cause the project to cause expansive cracking and destruction. Due to the small amount of home improvement cement, and the lack of cement stability test conditions, it requires users to buy qualified cement produced by regular manufacturers when buying cement.
Another important indicator that affects the quality of cement is the strength of cement. One of the main reasons for the instability (or decline) of cement strength is that the strength of cement does not meet the requirements of the national standard, that is, the quality is unqualified. In view of this situation, it is recommended that you buy the cement of the regular manufacturer. Another reason that affects the strength of cement is improper storage or long storage time resulting in damp agglomerates. Due to the hydration and agglomeration of the cement surface after moisture, the strength is reduced due to the loss of cohesion. The strength of the slightly agglomerated cement is reduced by approximately 10% to 20%. This cement can be reduced by the use of crushing in an appropriate manner. Cement with good storage conditions should not be stored too long, because cement will absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the air, resulting in slow hydration and carbonization. According to statistics, after three months of storage, the strength of cement is reduced by 10%-20%, after that, it is reduced by 15%-30% after six months, and decreased by 25%-40% after one year. Therefore, be sure to look at the production date of the cement when buying cement.
Home decoration can not be separated from cement, such as plastering, inlaying block-like decorative materials, patch plugging. Masonry projects require cement. If the cement is not properly selected or cement of unqualified quality is used, water leakage from kitchens and bathrooms will result; wall surfaces, ceilings will appear powdery, fall out or peel off, and the decorative materials of the inlay will loosen. In order to avoid these troubles caused by the factors of cement, we introduce some knowledge about how to choose and use cement in home decoration.
When the mortar is formulated in the project, the adhesive strength between the mortar and the base layer is required to be good. Therefore, the amount of cement should be more when preparing. In order to enhance the bond strength, often incorporate 5% - 10% 107 glue or polyester acid vinyl emulsion in the mortar. In some dry places, it is also possible to use lime instead of or in place of cement to make lime mortar or cement mortar; However, where there are waterproof, moisture-proof requirements, if there are wall skirts, floors, window sills, pools, etc., mortar mortar must be used. As for some special-purpose mortars, the corresponding special cements can be used to prepare or add some additives to the mortars, such as repairing plugging mortar with expansion cement, and adding a certain amount of waterproofing with ordinary siliceous cement above No. 325. Formulated waterproof mortar; use white cement or colored cement to prepare decorative mortar.
River Sand
The river sand plays an important role in the construction project. For example, river sand, stones, and cement must be added to the concrete. The mortar used for building brick walls is composed of river sand and cement. The cement mortar used for painting the exterior walls is also river sand and cement. The laying of tiles in the renovation, the basic treatment of the wall bricks are inseparable from the sand.
brick
Wherever cement and river sands are sold, bricks are generally sold. The price of red bricks is approximately 0.25 yuan to 0.3 yuan per piece, and the freight rate is approximately 15 yuan to 20 yuan per square foot in the city.
marble
Mainly used in doors, windowsills and area partitions.
When buying a marble, be sure to go to a regular business to purchase it, and ask the dealer for a Radiation Level Inspection Report. At the same time when choosing marble, try to choose the color light, because the light color of the marble radiation pollution is also relatively weak. At the same time, before use, it is best to go to the regular testing agency to do a test to ensure ease of use.
Wall mud (sealing agent)
Sealant is a one-component cement-based polymer modified dry mortar, in powder form. The sealant has the characteristics of long-lasting, waterproof, pressure resistance, etc. It is a substitute for the white cement of general caulking materials. It is mainly used for filling between the gaps of tile tiles in home furnishings.
There are many types of color available for the grout, and the lightness and randomness can basically meet the needs of the home decoration for the color, so that the color of the gap and the matching of the tiles appear to be unified and coordinated.
Classification of tiles
The variety of tiles available on the market is dazzling and dazzling. If you sort the classes, you can simplify complex things right away.
(a) by function:
Tiles are divided into floor tiles, wall tiles and waistline tiles according to their functions.
Floor tiles: According to the color of the flower is divided into imitation Spanish tiles, vitrified tiles, glazed tiles, anti-skid bricks and flowers polished tiles.
Wall: According to the color can be divided into vitrified wall tiles, printed wall tiles.
Waist line bricks: mostly printed tiles. In order to match the specifications of the wall tiles, the waistline bricks are generally set at 60mm x 200mm.
(B) According to the process:
Divided by the process of ceramic tiles: glazed tiles, whole body tiles, polished tiles, vitrified tiles, mosaics and so on.
Glazed tiles:
1. As the name implies, the glazed brick is the brick that has been burned and glazed on the surface of the brick. It is based on the difference in raw materials and can be divided into two types:
1) Ceramic glazed tiles, ie fired from clay, have high water absorption and relatively low strength. Its main feature is that the back color is red.
2) Porcelain glazed tiles, ie fired from china clay, have low water absorption and relatively high strength. Its main feature is that the back color is off-white.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned comparisons of water absorption and strength are relative. At present, there are also some ceramic glazed tiles that have better water absorption and strength than porcelain glazed tiles.
2, glazed tile glaze according to the different luster, can also be divided into the following two:
1) Bright glazed tiles. Suitable for making clean effects.
2) Matt glazed tiles. Suitable for fashion effects.
3, common problems
Glazed tile is the most common type of brick in decoration. Due to its rich color pattern and strong anti-fouling ability, it is widely used on walls and floors. The common quality problems mainly include two aspects:
1) Cracking
The root cause of cracking is that the stress between the blank and the glaze exceeds the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the blank glaze. When the glaze is larger than the billet's thermal expansion coefficient, the glaze shrinks more than the billet when cooled, and the glaze will be subject to tensile stress. When the tensile stress is greater than the ultimate strength that the glaze layer can withstand, cracking will occur.
2) Back osmosis
Regardless of the kind of brick, water absorption is natural, but when the density of the green body is too loose, it is not only the problem of water absorption but the problem of cementation. That is, cement sewage will penetrate the surface.
4, common specifications
Square glazed tiles have 152 × 152mm, 200 × 200mm, rectangular glazed tiles with 152 × 200mm, 200 × 300mm, etc., commonly used glazed tile thickness 5mm and 6mm.
Whole brick:
The surface of the bricks is not glazing, and the material and color of the front and back surfaces are the same, hence the name.
Whole brick is a kind of wear-resistant brick, although there are varieties such as osmotic brick, but relatively speaking, its color is less than glazed tile. As the current interior design is more and more inclined to plain design, the bricks are becoming more and more fashionable. They are widely used on the grounds of renovation projects such as halls, aisles, and outdoor walkways. Generally, they are less likely to be used for wall surfaces. , And most of the non-slip bricks are all bricks.
The common specifications of bricks are 300x300mm, 400x400mm, 500x500mm, 600x600mm, 800x800mm and so on.
Polished bricks:
The polished brick is a kind of bright brick that has been polished on the surface of the whole body. Polished bricks are a kind of bricks. Relative to the flat surface roughness of the whole brick, the polished tile must be more polished. Polished tiles are hard, wear-resistant and suitable for use in most indoor spaces except the restroom, kitchen and indoor environment. Based on the application of the infiltration technology, the polished tiles can make various kinds of imitated stone and wood effect.
Perhaps it is the industry's general idea, perhaps the intention of the industry, but the polishing brick has left a fatal flaw: easy to dirty. This is caused by the uneven pores that are left by the polishing of the polished tiles. These pores can contaminate the stains, causing the polished tiles to be stained and discolored. Even some of the tea is poured on the polished tiles.
Perhaps everyone realizes this, in the later some good quality polished bricks have added a layer of anti-fouling layer at the factory, but this layer of anti-fouling makes the tiles lose the effect of brick body. If you want to continue the whole body, you have to continue to brush the antifouling layer. In the decoration industry, water wax is applied before construction to prevent sticking.
The common plans for polished tiles are 400x400mm, 500x500mm, 600x600mm, 800x800mm, 900x900mm, 1000x1000mm.
Tiled tiles:
This is a high-temperature fired porcelain tile, which is the hardest type of tile. In order to solve the easy-to-dirt problem of polished tiles, there is another variety called vitrified tile. Vitrified tiles are actually full tiles. The surface is smooth but does not require polishing, so there is no problem with polishing the pores.
Vitrified tiles are a kind of reinforced polished tiles that are fired from high temperatures. The texture is harder and more resistant than the polished tiles. There is no doubt that its price is also higher.
Vitrified bricks are mainly floor tiles, and commonly used plans are 400x400mm, 500x500mm, 600x600mm, 800x800mm, 900x900mm, and 1000x1000mm.
Mosaic:
Also known as ceramic tile, specifications, thin and small, hard texture, acid, alkali, wear, not seepage, strong pressure, not easy to break, color and diverse.
Mosaic is a kind of special existence brick, which generally consists of dozens of small bricks to form a relative big brick. It is widely used in indoor small-scale wall surfaces and outdoor large-size wall surfaces and floors in small, exquisite and colorful. It is mainly divided into:
1, ceramic mosaic. It is the most traditional kind of mosaic. It is famous for being small and exquisite, but it is relatively monotonous and has a low grade.
2, marble mosaic. It is a type of mosaic that is developed in the medium term, and it is rich and colorful, but its poor acid and alkali resistance and poor water resistance make the market not very good.
3, glass mosaic. The colorfulness of the glass brings vitality to the mosaic. It is divided into a variety of small varieties depending on the variety of glass:
1) Molten glass mosaic. A glass mosaic containing a small amount of bubbles and unmelted particles, which is fused with a silicate or the like as a main raw material, is molded at a high temperature and is opaque or semi-emulsifiable.
2) Sintered glass mosaic. Glass powder as the main raw material, adding a suitable amount of adhesive, etc., is pressed into a green body with a certain size; a glass mosaic sintered at a certain temperature is used.
3) Venus glass mosaic. Contains a small amount of air bubbles and a certain amount of metal crystal particles, with a clear mosaic of glass that shimmers.
4, common specifications
The common specifications of mosaic are 20×20mm, 25×25mm, 30×30mm, and the thickness is between 4mm and 4.3mm.
There are other names of bricks on the market, but no matter how their names are called, if they are divided according to the craft, they can basically be classified as one of the above varieties.
Buy tiles
The varieties, colors, and specifications of ceramic tiles are just like fashion, and they are more and more varied. Moreover, every year, there are new products that lead the trend and make the shelves of ceramic tile stores more and more fancy. However, we need to remind everyone that varieties, colors, and specifications are important, but quality is still the top priority, especially in functional home spaces such as bathrooms, kitchens, and often treaded floors. The quality of ceramic tiles is related to the service life. .
Buy tiles in three steps
When consumers purchase tiles, they must pay attention to whether they indicate that they are in compliance with national green health standards and other signs or texts, and do not buy three non-tile products. Technicians recommend buying tiles in three steps:
The first step is to determine the space used by the tiles, ie the function: Are the tiles you bought used in the kitchen, bathroom or living room? Determine the most basic conditions before choosing.
The second step: According to the technical indicators to determine whether the tiles meet the requirements, such as the wear resistance of tiles. Degree of wear: The degree of fit (also known as the degree of wear) indicates the degree of wear of the tiles: Grade I tiles have the lowest wear resistance, and are generally used for display, walls, and activities where there are few; II-degree tiles It is mainly used in bathrooms, bedrooms and other areas where there is no hard friction; III-degree ceramic tiles are suitable for places where people move frequently, such as living rooms, kitchens, etc.; IV-tiles are highly wear-resistant and are used in halls, hallways, and public areas of luxury homes. Very suitable; V degree is generally super wear-resistant, used in non-domestic environments, such as airports, stations and so on.
The third step: Consult the performance of ceramic tiles such as acid and alkali resistance so as to select the right detergent and prevent the glaze from being contaminated.
Anti-fouling tile maintenance is more labor-saving
After laying out beautiful and novel ceramic tiles, maintenance and cleaning have become a troublesome thing. A ceramic tile product with anti-fouling function can help the housewife relieve the burden. The patented anti-fouling and anti-fouling formula used in the product allows the brick surface to be refreshed for easy cleaning. If this tile is placed in the bathroom or kitchen space, it can reflect the moisture-proof rate that it is almost non-absorbent, and it can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, and keep the floor dry and clean for a long time.
The main process of ceramic tile - "length error, straight angle, edge angle, flatness, water absorption, bending strength, wear resistance, stain resistance, acid and alkali resistance.
Appearance quality in accordance with national standards, ceramic tiles are divided into superior, first, second, and other four levels, the appearance of quality can be determined by the appearance. The appearance always has:
(1) Color difference: It is important that there is no difference between the bricks and bricks of the same name.
(2) Size: The lengths of the corresponding sides of the bricks of the same product name and bricks are inconsistent and are small and large.
(3) Size head: The length of the same brick on the opposite side is inconsistent.
(4) deformation: If the edge is not straight, warping and so on.
(5) Defective surface quality, such as uneven glazes, pinholes, dregs, falling angles, etc.
Water absorption: High quality tiles have low water absorption. Tiles with higher water absorption are more likely to absorb water. After shrinkage and thermal expansion, cracks on the surface of the ceramic tile and peeling of the entire tile are caused. If the water absorption rate of the tile is not specified, tea or water droplets can be used on the back of the tile for several minutes. After seeing the degree of diffusion of water droplets, the less water absorption, the lower the water absorption rate and the better the quality.
Degree of porcelain: You can tap the tiles to hear the sound is crisp, the more brittle the sound, that is, the tile texture density is high, the hardness is better. And can scratch the brick surface with a hard object, if there is a scratch, it means that lack of glazing, after the surface of the glaze polished, the brick surface is easy to hide, it is difficult to clean.
The general practice of waterproofing is to level the cement mortar in the original ground, wait until it is dry (not damp), use a double-combination polyurethane waterproof coating evenly brush three times, or use modified asphalt and glass cloth to make two oils and one cloth. deal with. The wall surface of the bathroom shall be 1.2-1.5m high, the kitchen wall shall be no less than 0.5m high, and the height of the sill outside the balcony shall prevail.
Buy Tiles Cement Glass Marble Home Improvement Interior Decor Living Room Wall Color Decoration Living Room Decoration Cutout Floor Tiles Marble Tiles Craft Glass Red Bricks Glass Tiles Kitchen Wall Tiles Partition Doors Glass Doors Kitchen Glass Sliding Doors Bathroom Tiles Bathroom Doors Bathroom Tiles Color Bathroom Wall Tiles Bathroom Doors Dimensions Toilet partitions Bathroom size Public toilets Bathrooms Waterproof prices Bathroom design Toilets Waterproof toilet tiles Bathrooms Leaky facades Tiles Tiles Classification Decorations Household tiles Tiles Tiles Specification tiles Kitchen tiles Balcony Tiles Bedroom Decoration Home Acid Tiles
Waterproof Material,Geotextile,Geocell Co., Ltd. , http://www.nsgeotextiles.com