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On the 29th, the reporter learned from Hunan University that the research team of Professor Huang Hongwen of the school, in collaboration with Professor Peng Zhenmeng of the University of Akron, developed a new catalyst that can be used as a cathode for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This kind of catalyst not only has excellent catalytic activity and durability, but also is cheap. The emergence of this achievement is expected to greatly reduce the commercial cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology and promote the application of such high-efficiency fuel cells in electric vehicles. This result was published in the journal of the American Chemical Society recently.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are clean and efficient, and are the ideal driving power source for the next generation of electric vehicles. However, there is still a big obstacle to the large-scale commercial application of this battery technology. In the prior art, to achieve its cathode oxygen reduction reaction, a large amount of precious metal platinum has to be used as an electrode catalyst. Therefore, how to develop a catalyst with both high activity and durability to reduce the use of precious metal platinum is a research hotspot in the field.
It is reported that in recent years, scientific research has found that platinum-based alloys formed of platinum and transition metals are also an effective method to improve the activity of catalysts. However, under the working conditions of the highly corrosive electrode environment of the fuel cell, the transition metal elements are easily leached out, resulting in changes in the catalyst components and affecting the durability of the catalyst.
To solve this "embarrassment", Huang Hongwen's team introduced gallium metal elements from the main group of the periodic table of chemical elements, and developed a new type of ultra-fine platinum-gallium binary alloy nanowire catalyst. Tests show that the quality activity of the catalyst is more than 10 times that of the current commercial platinum catalyst. At the same time, its mass activity only decreased by 15.8% after being recycled 30,000 times. (The mass activity loss of commercial platinum catalyst is 79.6%). After assembling proton exchange membrane fuel cells using platinum-gallium alloy nanowires as cathode catalysts, the single-cell test results also showed that the maximum power density was higher than that of commercial platinum catalysts. Thus once again proved the "cheap and good quality" of this catalyst. (Reporter Yu Huiyou)
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