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Exploring new low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials and their novel physical properties is one of the world's leading scientific issues. The two-dimensional graphene lattice structure is considered to be the parent material of many other carbon nanostructures. Due to the influence of defect structures such as local vacancies, atom additions, and boundaries, the low-dimensional graphene-based structure is precisely constructed and controlled at the single atom level. Carbon nanostructures still present great challenges.
Recently, the research team of Gao Hongjun, the National Research Center for Condensed Matter Physics in Beijing, achieved the first precise and controllable folding of atomic-grade graphene and constructed a new quasi-three-dimensional graphene nanostructure. The structure is composed of two-dimensional rotating stacked double-layer graphene nanostructures and one-dimensional carbon nanotube-like structures. The research team achieved five breakthroughs through the scanning probe manipulation technology: one is the precise folding and unfolding of the graphene nanostructure at the atomic level; the second is the repeated folding of the same graphene structure in any direction; the third is the precise adjustment of the stacking angle The rotating stack of double-layer graphene nanostructures; the fourth is the construction of quasi-one-dimensional carbon nanotube nanostructures; the fifth is the controllable folding of double-crystal graphene nanostructures and the construction of heterojunctions. Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy and first-principles, the precise atomic configuration and local electronic state structure of folded graphene nanostructures were determined, and it was found that the quasi-one-dimensional nanotube heterojunction obtained by the controlled folding of graphene has different electron nature.
This work is the first time in the world to achieve atomic-level precise control and on-demand graphene folding. It is currently the world's smallest graphene "origami". This technology can be used to fold other new two-dimensional atomic crystal materials and complex laminated structures to prepare functional nanostructures and their quantum devices, which will be of great significance for future applications including quantum computing. The research results were recently published in Science.
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