How to defend against tile radiation hazards

In recent years, with the increasing variety of tile types and styles, ceramic tile has been selected as an essential part of home decoration. However, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce's monitoring of the level of radioactive dose in ceramic tiles on the market shows that some products still have excessive radiation.

Where did the tile radiation come from? What kind of harm will the human body suffer from over-standard radiation? Is there a way for consumers to distinguish the quality of tiles? Three experts gave the reporter a scientific answer.

Expert interpretation

Long-term inhalation of large amounts of helium in humans can cause cells to change

The director of the Radiation Safety Inspection and Certification Department of the China Building Materials Inspection and Certification Center, Director Li Zengkuan, told reporters that there are two main aspects of ceramic tile radiation to consumers: radiation in the body and radiation in vitro. Radiation in the body mainly refers to the radiation of cesium to the human body. Radon is a natural material with radioactive properties, which is colorless and odorless. It has the characteristics of easy diffusion, solubility in water, and being easily soluble in fat. The cesium emitted from the tiles is mainly derived from a chemical called radium, which is contained in the raw materials of the tiles, such as slag, and zircon sand as an emulsifier (its main function is Raise the roughness and wear-resistance of ceramic tiles. Both contain radium.

After decay, radium will produce helium. After entering the human respiratory tract, the phlegm may be exhaled through the respiratory activity even before it decays. The other part, which is adhered to the respiratory tract, is absorbed by the body. In addition to mainly inhaling from the respiratory tract, a few can also be The throat enters the digestive tract with swallowing movements, causing radiation in humans and damaging the human respiratory system. Zhang Qi, deputy secretary-general of the Beijing Municipal Building Decoration Association's Indoor Environment Protection Committee, also stated that because of its high affinity for human body fat, if the human body inhales a large amount of warts for a long time, it will also affect the human nervous system and make people spirit. Sluggish, drowsy. If the human body inhales a large amount of sputum for a long period of time, its radiation inside the human body will cause the cells to change, which in turn causes lung cancer.

Gamma and beta rays destroy human lymphocytes and reduce human immunity

The in vitro radiation of ceramic tiles on humans is mainly derived from the chemical elements contained in raw materials, such as γ and β rays generated by the decay of radium and thorium. The γ-ray penetration is strong. It will penetrate the human body and collide with the cells in the body, and it will destroy the body's lymphocytes, thus reducing human immunity. The short range of beta rays has a greater impact on children, but because of its relatively weak penetration, a book can block its penetration.

Song Guangsheng, director of the China Indoor Decoration Association's Environmental Monitoring Center, said that if a broken tile is damaged at home, it is best to repair it in time because broken ceramic tile particles are not easily found in the food, and broken tile powder is more likely to enter the body through the respiratory tract. Human body causes harm.

Expert advice

Children's rooms do not tile

Zhang Qi told reporters that due to the relatively high density of earthworms, they are generally suspended within one meter below the ground. The lower the concentration of earthworms, the less the children's rooms should be tiled. At the same time, because the height of the bed is generally relatively low, people lie on the bed, just within the strong radiation range of the cockroach. We can open more windows everyday to keep the air flowing and keep it fresh, which can also reduce the radiation of the ceramic tile.

Do not use strong acidic cleaners

Do not use strong acid cleaners when cleaning ceramic tiles. This will cause accelerated aging of the tiles and surface chalking. This will increase the chance of the human body inhaling the ceramic powder and endanger human health. However, the radioactivity of ceramic tiles will not be due to the chemistry of detergents. The reaction increased. In all the tiles, the ultra-white bricks in the polished tiles are more radiant, and the precipitation rate of the radioactive elements on the surface of the colored glazed tiles is higher than that of ordinary tiles.

If you want to choose a brick, it is best to choose a matt brick

According to Song Guangsheng, because radioactive materials are colorless and odorless, if there is no special instrument to measure, people in daily life can't directly discern which tiles will exceed the standard radiation, so try not to decorate the interior with ceramic tiles. If you want to choose a brick, it is best to choose a matt brick; if you use a polished tile, you usually want to turn on a small light in your home. Try to avoid direct light or reflections that affect your eyes.

So how do consumers choose tiles? Zhang Qi introduced that the first is to pay attention to its resistance to cracking and strength. Good quality tiles have low water absorption. Consumers may drop water on the back of the tile to observe the degree of diffusion and absorb water slowly. The second is to pay attention to whether the surface of the tile has uneven pinholes. Tap the tiles when you buy, and listen for the crispness of the sound. The more brittle the sound, the higher the texture density of the tiles and the better the hardness. It is also possible to scratch the tile surface with a hard object. If scratches occur, it indicates insufficient glazing. The third is to compare color differences. If the tiles have a significant color difference, the decoration effect will be affected. Because the number of ceramic tile purchases is relatively large, it is necessary to compare the samples of each package and observe the changes in the color difference. Generally, the color difference cannot be selected.

Tips

Zhang Qi told reporters that at present, the pass rate of ceramic tile is basically around 90%. As long as consumers purchase from regular manufacturers, the radiation from ceramic tiles to the human body is still relatively small. In fact, the more serious is the radiation from the stone. Zhang Qi suggested that in the building materials market, stone can be judged from the color of the stone under normal circumstances. Its radioactivity from high to low is red, green, meat red, gray white, white and black. However, there are special circumstances that do not comply with the above color laws. For example, “Du Fu Green” is the stone product with the highest content of radioactive material.

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