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At present, strawberry production has entered the growing season and is in the initial stage of various pests and diseases. With the coming of strawberry maturity, the occurrence will be more significant. In recent years, strawberry planting area has gradually expanded, the multiple cropping index is high, and continuous cropping obstacles are obvious. Strawberry anthracnose and root rot are the two most common soil-borne diseases.
First, the main symptoms 1. Strawberry anthracnose Strawberry anthracnose mainly damage leaves, petioles, stipules, stolons and other parts. The stolon is more harmful than the leaf, followed by the leaf. The lesions on the stolons and petioles are initially spindle-shaped and concave. When they expand into a dark brown ring, the above part of the lesions are wilted and dead. In addition to causing localized lesions, the disease is also likely to cause the whole plant of the strawberry plants to die and die. The initial 1~2 pieces of the leaves are suspended from the water, and return to normal in the evening or cloudy days. As the disease worsens, the whole plant is dead. When the cross section of the rhizome was observed, local browning occurred from the outside to the inside.
2. Strawberry root rot The root lesion of strawberry is reddish brown, and the image of raspberry farmer is called "red middle column" root rot. The root system begins with the new and lateral roots, and the roots gradually appear dark brown or black. With the development of the disease, the roots are rapidly necrotic, and the leaves are yellow and dead.
Second, the incidence of disease 1. Strawberry anthracnose Strawberry anthracnose caused by fungi. The optimum temperature for pathogen infection is 28°C~32°C, and the relative humidity is above 90%. It is a typical high temperature and high humidity type pathogen. When the temperature rises above 25 °C, the young stems of strawberry stalks or near the ground are susceptible to infection by bacteria. After continuous rain or shower for 2~5 days, the strawberries are continuous in the field, the old leaves are excessive, the nitrogen fertilizer is excessive, the plants are young and ventilated. Poor seedlings are severely devastating and can cause devastating losses in a short period of time.
2. Strawberry root rot Strawberry root rot is also a fungal disease. Pathogens generally survive in the soil, using soil and seeds as sources of infection, and spread by irrigation water or rain. When the soil temperature is low and the humidity is high, the disease is easy to occur. The ground temperature is 10 °C, which is suitable for the disease. The low temperature is higher than 25 °C, and the root rot of the sticky soil with poor water accumulation and permeability is heavier.
Third, prevention and control technology points 1. Strawberry anthracnose agricultural control: When the weather is fine during the day, increase ventilation, reduce the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse; timely remove diseased leaves, diseased stems, dead leaves, old leaves and sick and disabled plants And destroy it. Chemical control: spray a small amount of time in the case of onset, use 50% prochloraz 1500 times solution or 10% difenoconazole 1000~1500 times solution, bromine nitrile (Zhongbao carbon content) WP 1500 times Liquid, 80% mancozeb 800~1000 times solution, 70% methyl thiophanate 800~1000 times solution, 25% azoxystrobin 1000~1500 times solution, interval 7 days, total prevention 2~3 times. It is necessary to pay attention to the alternating use of drugs, delay the production of drug resistance, spray the liquid should be uniform, can improve the control effect, and should be prevented immediately after continuous rain.
2. Strawberry root rot agricultural control: apply adequately decomposed organic fertilizer; cultivate to avoid root damage, reasonable irrigation and fertilization. Chemical control: 2000-3000 times solution of Pythium oligosaccharides or 500% carbendazim WP 500 times, 98% carbendazim WP 2000 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 600 times Root irrigation, 250 ml per plant, once every 7 days, continuous rooting 2 to 3 times.
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