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CNC machine tools are moving towards high speed, high efficiency and high precision. To enhance market competitiveness, machine tool manufacturers in various countries have adopted many new technologies in the design and manufacture of CNC machine tools, such as linear motors, high-efficiency cooling systems, and multi-function machining systems. , open CNC systems and network manufacturing systems. These advanced technologies are currently used in new CNC machine tools.
1 linear motor
Advanced linear motor drives have been widely used in CNC milling machines and CNC lathes. It can not only perform high-speed cutting and fast chip removal of parts under the cutting conditions of feed speed of f=60m/min or more, but also improve the machining accuracy of parts. The linear motor has the characteristics of faster servo response speed, improved servo control accuracy and machine tool machining accuracy, and thus can greatly expand the machining capability of the CNC machine tool. The usual rotary-linear motion transmission system affects the machining quality of the part due to its inherent quality, inertia, lead, lag and vibration. The above problem does not exist when a linear motor is mounted on a CNC machine. At present, companies such as Mazak, Mori Seiki, Otsuka and Cincinnati Machine have used linear motors for new CNC machines, so that the feed rate of the machine reaches f=60m/min or more, and the rapid moving speed reaches f=120m/min. Up to 2g. At present, there are problems such as small bearing capacity and heat generation in the use of linear motors, which need to be improved in the future.
2 efficient cooling system
For CNC machines that perform high-speed cutting, each axis must be cut at a feed rate of f=60m/min, which causes the CNC machine with ball screw to generate high temperature during machining, which seriously affects the dimensional accuracy of the part and the machine tool. Positioning accuracy. The ball screw cooler developed by Hitachi Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. cools the coolant by transferring the coolant in the hollow ball screw to achieve the purpose of cooling the screw and stabilizing the machining size. The electronic cooler control system developed by Makino monitors the temperature rise of the ball screw due to friction and so on, keeping the ball screw temperature within the allowable range. In addition to cooling the ball screw, the temperature rise of the high-speed rotating spindle is also strictly controlled. Yamazen cooled the machine tool spindle, tool and machined parts through a spindle center hole with a coolant of p = 6.89 MPa. It not only ensures that the workpiece and the tool are not affected by the temperature rise, but also improves the service life of the tool, and can also smoothly discharge the chips and purify the processing environment. In order to avoid the influence of temperature rise on the guide rail, Hitachi and the bearing manufacturer jointly developed the guide grease of the grade Eco-Eco, which has the advantages of cooling, good lubrication, no harmful substances, automatic lubrication and no special equipment. . Many manufacturers have proved that it has good use effect and economic benefit.
3 multi-function processing system
It is an inevitable trend of manufacturing technology to complete all the processing steps of a part on one machine. The newly developed lathes have similar 4- to 5-axis machining functions on the machining center as well as high-power, multi-function B-axis machining systems and automatic tool changers, making the difference between lathes and machining centers increasingly diminishing. machine tool. The generation of multi-function machine tools is one of the signs of technological advancement in CNC machine tools.
4 high efficiency, high power spindle motor
In order to improve the cutting speed, quick response capability and control accuracy of the spindle motor of the machine tool, most CNC machines choose the integrated spindle AC induction spindle motor instead of the conventional split spindle motor decelerated by belt or gear. Recently, with the advancement of technology, a permanent magnet integrated spindle motor with rare materials has been newly developed. Because it can transmit torque more efficiently and with high power, there is a tendency to replace the inductive integrated spindle motor. According to the Yamazen manager, this 永久-containing permanent magnet integrated spindle motor has three advantages over the general-purpose inductive integrated spindle motor:
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A ring split at one point and bent into a helical shape. This causes the washer to exert a spring force between the fastener's head and the substrate, which maintains the washer hard against the substrate and the bolt thread hard against the nut or substrate thread, creating more friction and resistance to rotation. Applicable standards are ASME B18.21.1, DIN 127 B.
Spring washers are a left hand helix and allow the thread to be tightened in a right hand direction only, i.e. a clockwise direction. When a left hand turning motion is applied, the raised edge bites into the underside of the bolt or nut and the part that it is bolted to, thus resisting turning. Therefore, spring washers are ineffective on left hand threads and hardened surfaces. Also, they are not to be used in conjunction with a Flat Washer under the spring washer, as this isolates the spring washer from biting into the component that will resist turning.
The use and effectiveness of spring lock washers has been debated, with some publications advising against their use on the grounds that, when tight, the washer is flat against the substrate and gives no more resistance to rotation than a normal washer at the same torque. However, a spring washer will continue to hold the bolt against the substrate and maintain friction when loosened slightly, whereas a plain washer will not.
The benefit of spring lock washers lies in the trapezoidal shape of the washer. When compressed to loads near the proof strength of the bolt, it will twist and flatten. This reduces the spring rate of the bolted joint which allows it to maintain more force under the same vibration levels. This prevents loosening.
Spring Washer,Spring Lock Washer,Spring Steel Washer,Stainless Steel Spring Washers
Taizhou Risco Stainless Steel Products Co.,Ltd , https://www.riscofastener.com