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〠Abstract 】 Chlorite [1] chlorite family of layered silicate minerals. Generally referred to as chlorite, it refers to mineral species mainly composed of Mg and Fe, namely, chlorite, chlorite, and the like. Chlorite is a rock-forming mineral of some metamorphic rocks. Magnesia-iron minerals such as biotite, hornblende and pyroxene in igneous rocks are prone to form chlorite under the action of low temperature hot water. The color of chlorite is different in shades of green depending on the amount of iron. The glass is glossy to matt, and the cleavage surface is pearly. It is mainly a product of medium and low temperature hydrothermal action, shallow metamorphism and sedimentation. In igneous rocks, chlorite is mostly a product of alterations such as pyroxene, amphibole and biotite. Iron-rich chlorite is mainly produced in sedimentary iron ore. The chlorite-derived chlorite, which has reached the industrial utilization index, can be used for iron ore mining. There are ten kinds of chlorite, and the chlorite containing chromium ions is called chrome chlorite, and the color is purple, which can be used as crafts and decorations. Chlorite is very similar to mica, but the former has a characteristic green color and is flexible and inelastic.
The chlorite original rock is produced in the mountainous area on the upper reaches of the Dadu River. It is a pebbles formed by green basalt. Its hardness is 6, from green to dark green. It is granular, slab-like and massive. Due to the development of rock inclusions, it is most easy to form Form.
The texture of chlorite is fine and smooth, the color is oily green, and it is very elegant. It can be divided into modeling stone, picture stone (ink painting stone), grape stone, plum stone, green glazed stone (classish pottery stone) and so on. The modeling stone is easy to form Luohan, characters, avatars, various animals and other types. The overall shape is round and beautiful, with light green, yellow green, dark green and other colors. The combination of patterns and patterns is like Tiandiao Shensu, and the stone table has natural patina. It has the characteristics of the Yangtze River stone and its shape is different; the grape stone surface is distributed like grapes, the stone type is mostly melon-like, and the stone body is covered with white, yellow and light green convex patterns, like grapes. Cooked, for people to enjoy the taste, there is a rare plum stone, formed by small particles rounded grain bumps, between or strips of branches, resembling green plum blossoms, luxurious and elegant, beautiful; green mud ink stone surface The texture or pattern has the charm of traditional Chinese ink painting. The ink painting is elegant and the black lines are like sketch pen and ink.
Chemical composition: the composition changes greatly, and often contains CaO and TiO2;
Category: silicate mineral - island silicate - hard chlorite family;
Crystal system and space group: There are two types, triclinic and monoclinic, and the space groups are Ci and C2/c respectively;
Unit cell parameters: a0=0.950nm, b0=0.548nm, c0=0.916nm, α=90o11, β=90o111, γ=90o11 (three oblique), a0=0.952nm, b0=0.547nm, c0=1.819nm, α=90
Morphology: The crystal is a pseudo-hexagonal crystal sheet, usually produced in the form of scales or rosettes;
Color: dark gray, or from light green to greenish black;
Streak: same color;
Transparency: translucent;
Gloss: glass luster, pearl luster on the cleavage surface;
Hardness: 6.5;
Cleavage and fracture: complete cleavage, jagged fracture;
Specific gravity: 3.6g/cm3
Other properties: the sheet can be bent, but it is easy to break and has no elasticity;
Identification characteristics: chlorite is distinguished by higher hardness and brittleness, and the difference from mica is that the sheet is inelastic;
Causes and occurrences: Rocks formed in regional metamorphism, such as schist and phyllite, are also formed in pegmatites, with associated minerals such as muscovite, chlorite, garnet, cross and kyanite.
(Chloritejade) is an aluminosilicate mineral containing (OH)-magnesium, iron, and aluminum. Where the color of the chlorite aggregate is bright and the texture is dense, delicate and tough, and the block is larger, it can be used as a jade carving material. This is the chlorite jade (Chloritejade). It is known that its varieties include green frozen stone, Renbu jade, Guori Ayu, and Laoshan seabed jade.
Greenstone (Lvdongstone or jade, "steatite"), also known as "Laizhoujade" or "stone", is produced in the west of Jixian County, Shandong Province, and is a chlorite rock that meets the requirements of arts and crafts. Because it is green and frozen, it is called "Green-jelliedstone". The arts and crafts require that the green frozen stone is bright green, waxy, translucent to transparent, dense, delicate, tough, and hard. According to factors such as color, transparency, texture, and blockiness, the greenstone can be divided into three grades (Table 12-38).
Grade arts and crafts requirements or specifications: first-class green and bright, waxy luster, good transparency, dense and delicate texture, no impurities, block weight more than 10 kg; second-grade green is brighter, waxy luster is stronger, transparency is better, The texture is dense and delicate, slightly broken fork, no impurities, the weight of the block is 3 kg or more; the third grade is green, yellowish green, the waxy luster is weak, the micro-transparent, the texture is dense and delicate, slightly broken fork, impurities, weight Less than 3 kg
Renbujade is named after Renbu County in Tibet and is also a chlorite jade. According to the difference of mineral composition and its symbiotic combination, Renbuyu is divided into magnesium chlorite, physicochemical magnesia chlorite, physicochemical magnesium chlorite talc. Jade is dark green, grayish green, light green, with grease luster, glass luster, and micro-transparency. The texture is dense, delicate and tough, with a hardness of about 3 and a slippery feel. It can be carved well. The Renbu jade deposit was mined about 50 years ago, and its jade material is mainly used to produce small pieces of art. The Tibetan people are especially happy with the jade, which is one of the main jade varieties that they exploit, process and use.
Produced in northern Tibet (Tibet area), it is a chlorite soft jade rock and a soft jade chlorite. It was originally used as a raw material for the production of Tibetan medicine and is now used to process jade articles. Appearance is gray, dark green and light gray green with emerald green spots, of which dark green and emerald green spots are the best. The color depth is related to the content of divalent iron ions (Fe2+), which is dark green and less pale green. The texture is dense, delicate and tough, and the hardness is 3 to 4, which can be carved well. The dark person is simple and dignified; the person with the plaque is like the "plum green" and "starry" in the jade, so it is called "fake jade". Has been used to produce jade, jade lock, jade bowl, stationery, jewelry, etc., do not have charm.
Haidijade is named after Seabed or Submarinejade, which is produced in the bottom of the sea in Yangkou Village, Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is a chlorite jade. The seabed jade is mainly composed of chlorite and contains a small amount of minerals such as hornblende, serpentine, pyrophyllite and sericite. The color is based on green, but not a single green. Dark green, dark green, light green and blue when shallow.
In addition, Sichuan Jiangyou, Liaoning Xiuyan, Qinghai Qilian and other places also have chlorite jade found. The chlorite jade of Sichuan Jiangyou is composed of iron chlorite, which is dense and brittle. The chlorite jade from Xiuyan, Liaoning Province, was found in the dolomite marble of the Dashiqiao Formation of the Liaohe Group in the Xiuyan County, and was symbiotic with serpentine jade, tremolite jade, talc, and magnesite. Jade contains more than 90% of chlorite, and contains serpentine and dolomite. Magnesium-poor, silicon-depleted, and aluminum-rich are a major feature of jade. The deposit is a layered metamorphic hydrothermal metasomatic type.
The chlorite original rock is produced in the mountainous area on the upper reaches of the Dadu River. It is a pebbles formed by green basalt. Its hardness is 6, from green to dark green. It is granular, slab-like and massive. Due to the development of rock inclusions, it is most easy to form Form.
The texture of chlorite is fine and smooth, the color is oily green, and it is very elegant. It can be divided into modeling stone, picture stone (ink painting stone), grape stone, plum stone, green glazed stone (classish pottery stone) and so on. The modeling stone is easy to form Luohan, characters, avatars, various animals and other types. The overall shape is round and beautiful, with light green, yellow green, dark green and other colors. The combination of patterns and patterns is like Tiandiao Shensu, and the stone table has natural patina. It has the characteristics of the Yangtze River stone and its shape is different; the grape stone surface is distributed like grapes, the stone type is mostly melon-like, and the stone body is covered with white, yellow and light green convex patterns, like grapes. Cooked, for people to enjoy the taste, there is a rare plum stone, formed by small particles rounded grain bumps, between or strips of branches, resembling green plum blossoms, luxurious and elegant, beautiful; green mud ink stone surface The texture or pattern has the charm of traditional Chinese ink painting. The ink painting is elegant and the black lines are like sketch pen and ink.
Ore introduction
The chemical composition can be expressed as Y3[Z4O10](OH)2·Y3(OH)6, and the crystal is a general term for a group of layered silicate minerals of monoclinic, trigonal or orthorhombic (orthorhombic) crystal system. In the chemical formula, Y mainly represents Mg, Fe2+, Al and Fe3+, and in some mineral species (such as nickel chlorite, manganese chlorite, lithium borochlorite, etc.), it may be Cr, Ni, Mn, V, Cu. Or Li; Z is mainly Si and Al, and occasionally Fe3+ or B3+. However, the so-called chlorites are often referred to only as minerals mainly composed of Mg and Fe, namely, chlorite and chlorite. Sub-species such as chlorite and chlorite may be subdivided according to the ratio of Fe2+:R2+ (divalent cation) and the number of Si atoms. The crystal structure of chlorite consists of a negatively charged 2:1 type structural unit layer Y3 [Z4O10](OH)2 and a positively charged octahedral sheet Y3(OH)6 alternately. The chlorite is multi-type, and the types of polytypes are related to the changes and formation conditions of their components. The crystal is in the form of a pseudo-hexagonal sheet or plate, the sheet is flexible, and the aggregate is scaly and earthy. The color varies with the amount of iron in shades of green. The glass is glossy to matt, and the cleavage surface is pearly. The specific gravity is 2.6 to 3.3, and the Moss hardness is 2 to 3. Chlorite is mainly a product of medium and low temperature hydrothermal action, shallow metamorphism and sedimentation. In igneous rocks, chlorite is mostly a product of alterations such as pyroxene, amphibole and biotite. Iron-rich chlorite is mainly produced in sedimentary iron ore. The chlorite-derived chlorite, which has reached the industrial utilization index, can be used for iron ore mining.Identification feature
Chlorite is very similar to mica, but the former has a characteristic green color and is flexible and inelastic. Chlorite is a rock-forming mineral of some metamorphic rocks. Magnesia-iron minerals such as biotite, hornblende and pyroxene in igneous rocks are prone to form chlorite under the action of low temperature hot water. Chlorite, also known as Bishi, is produced in Qixingtan, Hualien County, Taiwan. The stone color is yellowish green, brownish green or turquoise. The stone muscles are often concave, convex, and irregular. There are many changes in stone shape, such as mountains, islands, lakes, and animals. The stone is hard and dense and has a good touch.Similar variety
Name source: named after its similarity to chlorite;Chemical composition: the composition changes greatly, and often contains CaO and TiO2;
Category: silicate mineral - island silicate - hard chlorite family;
Crystal system and space group: There are two types, triclinic and monoclinic, and the space groups are Ci and C2/c respectively;
Unit cell parameters: a0=0.950nm, b0=0.548nm, c0=0.916nm, α=90o11, β=90o111, γ=90o11 (three oblique), a0=0.952nm, b0=0.547nm, c0=1.819nm, α=90
Morphology: The crystal is a pseudo-hexagonal crystal sheet, usually produced in the form of scales or rosettes;
Color: dark gray, or from light green to greenish black;
Streak: same color;
Transparency: translucent;
Gloss: glass luster, pearl luster on the cleavage surface;
Hardness: 6.5;
Cleavage and fracture: complete cleavage, jagged fracture;
Specific gravity: 3.6g/cm3
Other properties: the sheet can be bent, but it is easy to break and has no elasticity;
Identification characteristics: chlorite is distinguished by higher hardness and brittleness, and the difference from mica is that the sheet is inelastic;
Causes and occurrences: Rocks formed in regional metamorphism, such as schist and phyllite, are also formed in pegmatites, with associated minerals such as muscovite, chlorite, garnet, cross and kyanite.
Common variety
Chlorite
(Chloritejade) is an aluminosilicate mineral containing (OH)-magnesium, iron, and aluminum. Where the color of the chlorite aggregate is bright and the texture is dense, delicate and tough, and the block is larger, it can be used as a jade carving material. This is the chlorite jade (Chloritejade). It is known that its varieties include green frozen stone, Renbu jade, Guori Ayu, and Laoshan seabed jade.
Green frozen stone
Greenstone (Lvdongstone or jade, "steatite"), also known as "Laizhoujade" or "stone", is produced in the west of Jixian County, Shandong Province, and is a chlorite rock that meets the requirements of arts and crafts. Because it is green and frozen, it is called "Green-jelliedstone". The arts and crafts require that the green frozen stone is bright green, waxy, translucent to transparent, dense, delicate, tough, and hard. According to factors such as color, transparency, texture, and blockiness, the greenstone can be divided into three grades (Table 12-38).
Grade arts and crafts requirements or specifications: first-class green and bright, waxy luster, good transparency, dense and delicate texture, no impurities, block weight more than 10 kg; second-grade green is brighter, waxy luster is stronger, transparency is better, The texture is dense and delicate, slightly broken fork, no impurities, the weight of the block is 3 kg or more; the third grade is green, yellowish green, the waxy luster is weak, the micro-transparent, the texture is dense and delicate, slightly broken fork, impurities, weight Less than 3 kg
Renbu jade
Renbujade is named after Renbu County in Tibet and is also a chlorite jade. According to the difference of mineral composition and its symbiotic combination, Renbuyu is divided into magnesium chlorite, physicochemical magnesia chlorite, physicochemical magnesium chlorite talc. Jade is dark green, grayish green, light green, with grease luster, glass luster, and micro-transparency. The texture is dense, delicate and tough, with a hardness of about 3 and a slippery feel. It can be carved well. The Renbu jade deposit was mined about 50 years ago, and its jade material is mainly used to produce small pieces of art. The Tibetan people are especially happy with the jade, which is one of the main jade varieties that they exploit, process and use.
Guori Aja (Guoriajade)
Produced in northern Tibet (Tibet area), it is a chlorite soft jade rock and a soft jade chlorite. It was originally used as a raw material for the production of Tibetan medicine and is now used to process jade articles. Appearance is gray, dark green and light gray green with emerald green spots, of which dark green and emerald green spots are the best. The color depth is related to the content of divalent iron ions (Fe2+), which is dark green and less pale green. The texture is dense, delicate and tough, and the hardness is 3 to 4, which can be carved well. The dark person is simple and dignified; the person with the plaque is like the "plum green" and "starry" in the jade, so it is called "fake jade". Has been used to produce jade, jade lock, jade bowl, stationery, jewelry, etc., do not have charm.
Seabed jade
Haidijade is named after Seabed or Submarinejade, which is produced in the bottom of the sea in Yangkou Village, Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is a chlorite jade. The seabed jade is mainly composed of chlorite and contains a small amount of minerals such as hornblende, serpentine, pyrophyllite and sericite. The color is based on green, but not a single green. Dark green, dark green, light green and blue when shallow.
In addition, Sichuan Jiangyou, Liaoning Xiuyan, Qinghai Qilian and other places also have chlorite jade found. The chlorite jade of Sichuan Jiangyou is composed of iron chlorite, which is dense and brittle. The chlorite jade from Xiuyan, Liaoning Province, was found in the dolomite marble of the Dashiqiao Formation of the Liaohe Group in the Xiuyan County, and was symbiotic with serpentine jade, tremolite jade, talc, and magnesite. Jade contains more than 90% of chlorite, and contains serpentine and dolomite. Magnesium-poor, silicon-depleted, and aluminum-rich are a major feature of jade. The deposit is a layered metamorphic hydrothermal metasomatic type.
Deposit research
Chlorite is a widely distributed near-mineral mineral in hydrothermal polymetallic deposits. It is found in the near-minee tourmaline- sericite-quartz metamorphic rock, quartz-chlorite-water mica metasomatic rock and carbonated carbon in the Dajing deposit. In the salt rock mineral metasomatous rock, the chlorite composition is complex. By measuring the chlorite composition of the Dajing deposit and comparing with the chlorite composition in the same type of deposits at home and abroad, the iron content of the chlorite composition is found [Fe /(Fe+Mg+Mn+Ca)] can be used to mark different metal combinations of the deposit. The Dajing deposit is a combination of Ag, Cu, Sn, Pb and Zn. The chlorite is a species with high iron content. The Russian Kwaiza deposit and the Xibai deposit are zinc-based lead-zinc combinations, and their chlorite. It is a species with relatively low iron content. The iron content of the chlorite composition in the Dajing deposit is positively correlated with the height of the output. It is related to the changes of iron and magnesium activity and solution pH in the chlorite composition in different deposits and vertical sections of the same deposit. In addition, the b0 value of the smectite parameter of the Dajing deposit and its output height also show positive correlation characteristics. The b0 value of the shallow chlorite is large, and the b0 value of the deep chlorite is small, which is the high pressure condition. The result is a tightly packed structure.Products: Mobile Phone Amplifier Lens, Projector Lens,Fresnel lenses,Human Sensor Lens
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