How to use pesticides rationally in the production of Chinese herbal medicines

(1) Reasonable selection of pesticide varieties according to the control object The use of pesticides is an important means of medicinal plant pest control. There are many kinds of pesticides, and suitable pesticides should be selected according to the types of pests and diseases. Insecticides such as trichlorfon are generally effective for chewing mouthparts such as cabbage caterpillars, but almost ineffective against sucking mouthparts such as aphids and scale insects. The fungicide should also choose the appropriate variety. For example, the seed disinfection treatment generally uses broad-spectrum fungicides, while the fungal diseases that control the leaves can be selected with pesticides such as Duining and methyl thiophanate. A pesticide that is sensitive to algae such as toxin. In the prevention and control of Chinese herbal medicine pests and diseases, the use of biological pesticides, such as Bt, agricultural anti-120, chlorpyrifos, nicotine, etc., is advocated.

(2) The principle of the alternating use of pesticides and the rational use of pesticides is not to use the same pesticide for a long time to control the same pests and diseases, but to use pesticides with different mechanisms of action but similar targets. At the same time, different pesticides need to be mixed, which can simultaneously treat a variety of pests and diseases, and avoid the resistance of pests to prolong the service life of new pesticides. When mixing, pay attention to the antagonism or degradation of pesticides, and do not use a mixed formula with significant toxicity. When mixing the drugs, the two pesticides should be weighed according to the dosage or concentration of the formula, then diluted with a small amount of water, mixed with each other, and evenly stirred, and added to the specified concentration. The compounded pesticide should be used now and cannot be used for a long time.

(3) Choosing the right time to use pesticides Appropriate time to apply pesticides is an important way to effectively control the occurrence of pests and diseases, protect beneficial organisms, and avoid pesticide residues. Pay attention to the field observation records to grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases. The basis for determining the appropriate period of prevention and control is: mastering the period of pest growth and prevention and control in the stage of the most beneficial insect-killing stage; the growth period of pests and diseases susceptible to pests; the non-natural enemy sensitive period; the safety interval, that is, the harvest Special attention should be paid to the ban on medication before a certain interval.

(4) Safety precautions during the use of pesticides Rubber gloves should be worn when dispensing. The dosage should be weighed strictly according to the prescribed dosage. It is strictly forbidden to mix the medicine by hand. When using the pesticide, use tools, mix with hands, hand or spot drugs. Wear protective gloves when planting, the remaining poisonous species should be destroyed in time; the dispensing and seed dressing sites should be kept away from the water source and residence; when using the manual sprayer, the spray should be sprayed intermittently. The liquid in the bucket should not be overfilled, and it should not be sprayed when it is strong or hot. Medicine; spray the sprayer and the package containing the pesticide in time after spraying.

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