Cauliflower fertilizer characteristics and fertilization techniques

In the production practice, fully understanding the fertilizer characteristics of broccoli and mastering the scientific fertilization technology are the key to improving the yield of broccoli and improving the quality of broccoli. The following is a description of the fertilization characteristics of broccoli and its fertilization techniques as follows.

First, the fertilization characteristics of broccoli.

Cauliflower has a long growing season and a large demand for nutrients. According to the research, for every 1000 kg of flower bulbs produced, it is necessary to absorb 7.7 to 10.8 kg of pure nitrogen, 2.1 to 3.2 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 9.2 to 12.0 kg of potassium oxide, the ratio of which is 1:0.3:1.1. Among them, nitrogen and potassium are the most needed, especially when the leaf clusters grow vigorously, and more nitrogen is needed. Before the bud, it is necessary to ensure the full supply of phosphorus and potassium nutrition. In addition, broccoli requires a certain amount of trace elements such as boron, magnesium, calcium and molybdenum. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the supply of trace elements should be strengthened.

Second, the fertilization technology of broccoli.

According to the fertilization characteristics of broccoli, the base fertilizer should be used for fertilization. In the main fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers can be divided into base fertilizer and three times of topdressing, and all phosphate fertilizers are used as base fertilizer.

1. Applying the base fertilizer: In order to meet the early and long-term broccoli early growth and the demand for fertilizer and water in each growth period, in addition to selecting fertile, loose, water-preserving and fertile loam, it is also necessary to use fully-fertilized high-quality farmyard soil and fertilizer. And the NPK compound fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is turned into the middle layer of the soil during the preparation of the soil. Generally, the quality of the fertilizer is 2500-3000 kg per 667 square meters (1 mu), and the NPK compound fertilizer is 15-20 kg (the urea 6 can also be used). Kilograms, 20-25 kg of superphosphate, 6-8 kg of potassium sulfate, and 0.5 kg of borax.

2. Reasonable topdressing: After broccoli is planted, the flower ball is matured. Generally, it needs to be topdressed 3 times. The first time is the rosette period. Apply 10-11 kg of urea per 667 square meters and 5-6 kg of potassium sulfate to promote flower bud and flower bud differentiation. And the flower ball is formed. The second time is the initial stage of flower ball formation, 13-15 kg of urea per 667 square meters and 6-8 kg of potassium sulfate to promote the rapid expansion of the flower ball and prevent the stem from hollowing. The third time is the mid-term formation of flower balls, 8-10 kg of urea per 667 square meters, and 5-6 kg of potassium sulfate. In combination with top dressing, it is necessary to pay attention to ensure the water supply and maintain a certain humidity of the soil, especially during the ball-forming period. Otherwise, it will inhibit the formation of flower balls and lead to a decrease in yield.

3. External top dressing: Top dressing is an effective auxiliary measure in broccoli cultivation, with emphasis on supplementing the deficiency of related nutrients or trace elements in the middle and late stages. If the soil is deficient in boron, a borax solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2% can be sprayed on the initial and intermediate leaves of the flower bulb. The magnesium deficiency in the soil can be sprayed on the foliar surface with a concentration of 0.2% to 0.4% of magnesium sulfate solution 1 or 2 times. Cauliflower requires very little molybdenum, but it is very sensitive. During the flower formation period, the ammonium molybdate solution with a concentration of 0.01% can be sprayed on the foliar surface. In short, according to the needs of broccoli growth, timely root dressing can effectively prevent premature aging, improve flower yield and improve flower quality.

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