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In general, it is a difficult task to make sprinkler irrigation systems in slopes meet the water requirements of crops and easy to manage. Being able to effectively solve the water demand for grade crops is a challenging task. Too little water affects crop growth. Too much water creates many other problems. The main challenge is how to prevent surface runoff from cropping and ground erosion while meeting crop water requirements. The following gives 10 kinds of design, product selection and installation of the use of skills, can effectively solve the problem of surface runoff in slope irrigation: 1, in order to reduce surface runoff, the system should choose an irrigation timer to control the irrigation time, That controller (rain bird e-class, esp-lx + controller, etc.). Each program should have at least 4 different start-up time, first determine the time required for each station to generate ground runoff, in order to adjust each irrigation time. If required, different start-up times can be used to change the surface runoff due to the long run time of each solenoid valve or to select a high-end controller (such as the esp-mc controller), which provides intermittent irrigation , Is to divide the total irrigation time into several cycles, leaving enough time between the cycles for water to seep into the soil to avoid surface runoff. 2, using the main valve and flow sensor equipment to increase system insurance factor. When the irrigation slope, the use of the main valve and flow sensor is very important. Set the main valve in front of the solenoid valve and the slope around the station, which can reduce the pressure time of the main pipeline. A closed main valve only supplies water to the main line when it receives a controller signal. This device reduces the chance of nozzle damage, pipe rupture and solenoid valve damage. The flow sensor can detect the change of flow when the problem arises. If properly calibrated, the sensor and main valve will work together to shut down the system in the event of an additional flow rate, protecting the slope from the crop and ensuring system safety. 3, the use of reverse diaphragm solenoid valve, solenoid valve can reduce damage caused by the problems. This valve internal structure of different general solenoid valve, when the solenoid valve diaphragm is damaged, can effectively cut off the water flow. In other words reverse diaphragm valve is effective, because it does not work when the diaphragm is in the "off" state, can cut off the water. The general solenoid valve, the solenoid valve in the damaged diaphragm is "open" state, the water flow will continue to erode the crop before being effectively repaired. 4, the use of pressure compensation or pressure regulating device, access to the best spray effect. When the pressure regulator model matches the specifications on the manufacturer's instructions, the pressure regulator mounted on the solenoid valve adjusts the downstream working pressure. Under suitable working pressure conditions, the nozzle is most likely to obtain an effective and uniform spraying effect. If the nozzle pressure is lower or higher than the working pressure, the spraying effect is not good. As a result, the crops are damaged and the erosion may occur. Sprinklers with built-in pressure compensators or pressure regulators are the best option because suitable working pressures are applied directly to each sprinkler (eg optional Rainbird 1800, uni-spray series with pressure-regulating). This will help to eliminate the pressure generated by the fog, reduce the elegant wind produced, can provide an optimal water droplet displacement conditions, to protect the growth of crops. 5, adjust the branch pipe spacing to compensate for the slope caused by the problem. For example, for a 1: 2 grade, the spray radius can reach only 80% of its range above the printhead, while the shot radius below the printhead can reach 120% of its range. Many people in this view understand it more difficult because of the smaller slope planted on the plan of the irrigation project than what they actually do, and the effect of the slope can not be properly reflected in the map. Therefore, the nozzle spacing along the branch pipe should remain the same. Gradient direction from the bottom of the slope, slope up to the top of the slope, branch pipe spacing should be as small as possible, the top nozzle spacing should be nozzle range. 6, along the contour line layout branch pipe. When installing branch lines, make sure they are laid along the contour. If the branch pipe is installed incorrectly along the slope, a pressure imbalance will occur due to the difference in elevation, causing a change in uniformity of irrigation. In addition, the high pressure zone at the bottom of the bevel also reduces the life of the sprinklers and lines. 7, each Irrigation District, the number of nozzles can not be too much in order to reduce potential risks. When you increase the number of sprinklers in a zone, the system piping and engineering structure will change and, when the system is shut down, may cause damage (such as water hammer) for other reasons. Therefore, it is generally not recommended to enlarge the system unless some other protective equipment is installed in the system (such as pressure reducing valve, intake / exhaust valve, etc.) to avoid some potential dangers. 8, limit the number of nozzles in each rotation irrigation area to improve the spraying effect. Taking into account the effects of plant species, rainfall, sunshine, wind direction and other meteorological factors on different areas of the slope, the slope is divided into multiple irrigated areas to fully meet different requirements. If different plants are mixed in an irrigation area, it is difficult to make the crops grow healthily. 9, the full circle nozzle and adjustable angle nozzle points in different areas of irrigation. The adjustable angle of the sprinkler head compiled in a separate group, so that by adjusting the irrigation time, so that full-round rainfall and rainfall wheel irrigation group, so irrigation uniformity. The better way is to select the nozzle with the same rainfall intensity, that is, when the spray angle is different, the rainfall intensity of the spray head remains the same (such as Rain Bird 1800 series mpr nozzle), so as to ensure that all the sprayers have the same rainfall and even water High degree. 10, install the overflow valve to avoid erosion. Make sure the spill valve is properly installed to prevent the water in the upper pipe from flowing out from the lower sprinkler when the zone solenoid valve is closed when the terrain elevation changes. This will reduce the erosion of green areas or crops around the slopes. Check if the sprinklers have a built-in spill valve before installation, which reduces the need for a separate spill stop valve under each sprinkler. Description: Because many landscaping does not use the lawn to grow other vegetation, a 6 "(15cm) or 12" (30cm) lift nozzle is recommended instead of a standpipe with a jib boom not only because the lift nozzle improves working conditions , But also hidden good, not vulnerable to human damage. Effective slope irrigation includes pre-planned planning, proper installation and reliable maintenance and maintenance techniques. If these three can be well resolved, many of the problems of using, repairing, and capital reduction can be reduced and crops on the slope will grow healthily.
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