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Mold appearance strengthening treatment skills
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2018-02-01
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First, low temperature chemical heat disposal 1. Ion nitriding in order to improve the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, heat fatigue resistance and anti-adhesion function of the mold; ion nitriding is optional. The outstanding advantage of ion nitriding is that the nitriding time is obviously shortened; Component conditioning control layer arrangement; reduce the appearance of nitriding layer brittleness; deformation. 阌 ç¡® ç¡® æ¤ æ¤ å‘“æŽ€ 呓掀 呓掀 呓掀 龋徊 @ @ @ @ @ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Will not blast; production safety; but the shape of the messy mold; difficult to obtain uniform heating and uniform layer; and the shallow layer; the transition layer is steep; temperature measurement and temperature uniformity remains to be treated.
The ion nitriding temperature is preferably 450-520 ° C; after 6-9 h of treatment; the nitriding layer is about 0. 2 ~ 0. 3 mm. The temperature is too low; the layer is too thick.æ· æ· æ‚– æ‚– æ‚– 涂 涂 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å 离å. Use; then can greatly improve the total life of the mold.
2. The temperature of nitrocarburizing nitrocarburizing process is relatively low (560-570 °C); the amount of deformation. æ·¼ å’> å’ ç »å¬— ç »å¬— 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 High temperature hardness; can be used for die-casting molds, cold boring molds, cold extrusion dies, hot extrusion dies, high-speed forging dies and plastic dies; it can be used for 1 to 9 times of life, but it is often deformed after gas nitrocarburizing; A large amount accounts for about 25% of the thickness of the compound; it is not suitable for fine molds. It must be subjected to stress relief annealing and residual stress before disposal.
For example: Cr12MoV steel plate steel spring hole punching die; after gas nitrocarburizing and salt bath vanadium disposal; can improve the die life by 3 times. Another example: 60Si2 steel refrigeration 镦 screw punch; Nitriding, short-time carbonitriding, direct quenching, low-temperature quenching and higher temperature tempering treatment process; can improve core resistance; improve the life of cold heading punch more than 2 times. Carbonitriding process is shown in Figure 1. Shown.
3. Carbon trioxide ternary co-infiltration ternary co-infiltration can be carried out in a nitriding furnace; the infiltration agent is a boron-containing organic infiltrant and ammonia; its share is 1:7; the co-infiltration temperature is 600 ° C; the osmosis time is 4 h; The layer thickness of the layer compound is 3~4μm; the depth of the dispersion layer is 0. 23mm; the hardness of the surface is HV011050. The life of the mold after co-seepage treatment is obviously improved.
For example: 3Cr2W8V steel hot kneading forming die; after disposing according to the process shown in Figure 2; and then ternary treatment by ionized carbon, nitrogen and boron; the service life of the mold can be improved by more than 4 times.
Second, the gas phase stacking gas phase stacking skill is a skill to obtain a film (film thickness of 0.1 to 5 μm), that is, the data vapor to be accumulated in a vacuum; the steam condenses on the substrate to form a desired film. It includes physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and physical chemical vapor deposition (PCVD). It is a modern method for coating carbides such as steel, nickel, cobalt-based alloys and cemented carbides. The layer has carbides, nitrides, borides and composite compounds.
1. Physical vapor deposition physical vapor deposition skills; due to low disposal temperature; thermal distortion. τ眯Ч. The TiN layer obtained by PVD treatment can ensure the life expectancy of the plastic mold is improved by 3 to 9 times; the metal pressure processing life and life is improved by 3 to 59 times. The TiN layer of the screw head punch is not long. Easy to fall off the appearance.
2. Chemical vapor deposition chemical vapor deposition skills; deposits are caused by gas dissociation from the introduction of high temperature accumulation zones. The shape of the mold for CVD treatment is not subject to any constraints. CVD can be used in east and west steels, carburized steels with carbon content greater than 0.8%. High-speed steel, bearing steel, cast iron and hard alloy are used on the surface. TiC and TiN can be applied to kneading die, blanking die and zigzag die. It is also suitable for powder molding die and plastic die. The process of coating TiC and TiN coating; the hardness of the coating is up to 3000HV; and the wear resistance is good, the anti-collision function is improved, and the service life of the die can be improved by 1 to 4 times.
3. Physicochemical vapor deposition due to CVD treatment temperature is higher; the atmosphere contains more hydrogen chloride; if the disposal is not appropriate; easy to pollute the atmosphere. To overcome the above defects; use argon as a carrier; carry out medium temperature CVD method; disposal temperature 750 ~ 850 °C This method is no less than the high temperature CVD method in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance. PCVD has the characteristics of CVD and PVD skills; but the demand is accurately monitored; the process parameters are ensured.
Third, laser heat treatment in recent years; laser heat treatment skills have been widely used in the automotive industry, tool and die industry. It improves the corrosion resistance of metal materials; especially in the tool and die industry; 3. The arrangement of the mold is much better than the conventional heat treatment.
1. Laser quenching has a very fast cooling rate due to laser treatment; therefore, the sub-layout of the internal structure of austenite grains can be recovered and recrystallized when cooled; then an ultra-fine needle martensite layout can be obtained; Strong tolerance; extended die life. The mold materials used for laser quenching are CrWMn, Cr12MoV, 9CrSi, T10A, W6Mo5Cr4V2, W18Cr4V, GCr15, etc. These steels are laser quenched; their arrangement functions are greatly improved. For example; GCr15 punching die; reduce its hardness from HRC58-62 to HRC45~50; and strengthen it with laser; white bright layer hardness is HV849; base hardness is HV490; hardened layer depth is 0. 37mm; die life More than 2 times improvement. Another example: CrWMn steel is easy to form a network of secondary carbides on the austenite grain boundary when heating; obviously add brittleness; reduce impact resistance; wear resistance can not meet the demand. Select laser quenching Fine martensite and dispersed carbide particles; eliminating the network. Laser quenching in the quenched and tempered state can achieve the maximum hardened layer depth and the highest hardness HV1017.
2. Laser fused hardening uses high-energy laser to illuminate the surface of the workpiece; the illuminated area will melt at a very high rate; once the light source is removed; the molten area is cooled by the metal substrate itself; the cooling rate is extremely fast. The 5CrNiMo boronized layer is treated after laser melting; Compared with the original boronized layer; the strengthening layer is added deep; the hardness of the strengthening layer tends to be steep; the brittleness of the boronizing layer is improved.
3. The alloying elements of laser alloying laser surface alloying are W, Ti, Ni, Cr, etc.; when Ni and Cr are alloying elements; the alloying layer is arranged as austenite-based cell dendrites; Ti is used as laser surface When the alloying element is used; it has the effect of arranging the enthalpy; the network carbide of the alloying layer can be changed into a continuous mesh or discretely dispersed carbide. For example; when T10A uses Cr as the laser surface alloying element; the hardness of the alloyed layer can be Up to HV900～1000. Another example; CrWMn composite powder laser alloying; can obtain alloy layer with excellent inductive skill index; measured; volume wear is 1/10 of quenched CrWMn; its service life is improved by 14 times.
Fourth, the appearance of rare earth elements is strengthened in the external appearance of the mold; the participation of rare earth elements has a great influence on the surface layout, physical, chemical and mechanical functions of the improved steel. The rare earth elements have an improved rate of seepage (the rate of seepage can be improved by 25%~ 30%; the disposal time can be shortened by more than 1/3); strengthen the appearance (the rare earth element has the effect of microalloying; can improve the layout of the surface layer; strengthen the appearance of the mold); purify the appearance (R, S, As, Sn in rare earth elements and steel) , Sb, Bi, Pb and other low melting point harmful impurities attack effect; constitute a high melting point compound; together with the enthalpy of these impurity elements on the grain boundary; reduce the brittleness of the layer) and other functions.
1. Rare earth carbonitriding RE-C co-filtration can reduce the carburizing temperature from 920 to 930 ° C to 860 ~ 880 ° C; reduce mold deformation and avoid austenite grain growth, the percolation rate can be improved by 25 to 30% (carburizing) Shorten the time by 1~2h), improve the brittleness of the seepage layer; make the energy of the impact fracture crack and the energy of crack expansion increase by about 30%.
2. Rare earth carbonitriding RE-CN co-infiltration can improve the percolation rate by 25%~32%; improve the micro-hardness of the infiltration layer and the depth of the useful hardening layer, so that the wear resistance and fatigue limit of the mold can be improved by 1 times and 12% or more. The corrosion resistance of the mold is improved by more than 15%. RE-CN co-seepage treatment is used for hot forging die of 5CrMnMo steel; its life is more than doubled.
3. The wear resistance of rare earth boron co-infiltration RE-B co-infiltration is 1.5 to 2 times higher than that of single boronizing; it is 3 to 4 times higher than the conventional quenching state; and the resistance is 6 to 7 times higher than that of single boronizing. The boronizing temperature is lowered by 100 ° C ~ 150 ° C; the disposal time is shortened by about half. The use of RE-B co-infiltration can improve the life of the deep drawing die of Cr12 steel by 5 to 10 times; the die life is several times to several tens of times.
4. Rare earth boron-aluminum co-infiltration RE-B-AI co-infiltration obtained co-infiltration layer; has a thin layer and high hardness; aluminum-iron-boron compound has high thermo-hardness and high-temperature oxidation resistance. H13 steel rare earth boron aluminum The common seepage layer is fine; the hardness is high (HV011900~2000); the phase composition is the FeB and Fe2B phase with the change of the d value (being the normative value). After the rare earth boron aluminum co-infiltration, the life expectancy of the aluminum crucible die is improved 2~ 3 times; the appearance quality of aluminum material is improved by 1~2.
There are many ways to strengthen the surface of the mold; we need to contact the various working conditions of the mold and the economics of its application, etc. due to the methods of dispersion, impregnation, coating, sputtering, hardening, etc.; The composition and arrangement can make the parts have the excellent functions of internal toughness, hard surface, wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and anti-adhesion; it can improve the service life of the mold several times or even several times.
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