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At present, the fertilization structure in agricultural production is still very unreasonable. There are widespread misapplications such as unscientific fertilization, insufficient fertilizer input, fertilization structure and imbalance of proportion, which seriously affect the high quality and high yield of crops, and some also pursue product yields unilaterally. Effect, ignoring product quality effects. At present, the demand for high-quality agricultural products is getting higher and higher at home and abroad. Therefore, we should further raise awareness and vigorously promote new methods of scientific fertilization. The new methods of fertilization mainly include:
Promote soil testing and balanced fertilization techniques. Firstly, the soil is used to understand the soil fertility performance, and then the crops are required to be fertilized. Under the conditions of organic fertilizers, the appropriate dosages and proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizers are proposed, and fertilizers are directly applied to crop fertilization techniques. . This is a major reform in China's fertilization technology, which is the comprehensive use of modern agricultural scientific and technological achievements and scientific and technological means.
Broaden the application route of organic fertilizer. Organize manpower and material resources, and make great efforts to accumulate organic fertilizers. We must do a good job in the construction of “three facilities†where “people have toilets, livestock have circles, and households have accumulated fertilizer pitsâ€. At the same time, farmers should be mobilized to use all available organic fertilizer resources. Try to collect them and use them to ensure the input of organic fertilizers for crops. It is guaranteed to apply more than 1500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre. Increase the number of organic fertilizers applied, do a good job in land-building, and maintain a balance of land forces, so as to achieve the goal of combining land and land to increase yield.
Promote the application of special fertilizers for crop series. The special compound fertilizer for crop series is the physicochemical product of formula fertilization technology, which contains various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-requirement for crop growth. It solves the problem that it is difficult to match in rural areas for a long time. problem. Compared with single chemical fertilizer or customary fertilization, crop special fertilizer generally has the following advantages: (1) strong target, reasonable ratio, long-term fertilizer effect, can significantly improve crop growth ability, slow release of fertilizer after application, can be the whole growth period of crop Provide sufficient nutrition to achieve a balanced supply of various nutrients to crops, avoiding blind fertilization and fertilizer waste. (2) Increased fertilizer utilization. Generally, the utilization rate of nitrogen can be increased from 20% to 30%, and the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium can be increased from 20% to 40%. Other micro-sugars can also extend the effective period accordingly, and the fertilizer cost and labor are reduced accordingly, and the economic benefits are obviously improved. . (3) The application method is simple and easy for farmers to operate. The application of special fertilizers generally requires a full base fertilizer in one place, and the application rate per mu is generally 50-60 kg. (4) The main amount can be increased, and the yield can be increased by 15% compared with the single chemical fertilizer or the customary fertilization.
Promote high-efficiency bio-organic compound fertilizer. Bio-organic compound fertilizer is an agricultural technology project promoted by the State Science and Technology Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture in the country. The technological achievements are the first in China and occupy the leading position in the world. It is a "four-in-one" fertilizer composed of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and synergist. Its advantages are: (1) It can improve fertilizer utilization. Bio-organic fertilizer combines the advantages of “speed†of chemical fertilizer, “stable†of organic fertilizer, and “promoting†of bacterial fertilizer, forming a “combination of nutrientsâ€, which can increase nutrient utilization rate from 30% to 50%. (2) It has the dual effect of increasing crop yield and improving product quality. Generally, grain and cotton crops can be increased by 10-20%, and specialty crops can be increased by 20-30%. It is an ideal product for the development of “green food†and high-quality agriculture. (3) It can improve the soil and fertilize the soil. (4) Turn waste into treasure, reduce pollution and improve the ecological environment. It is an efficient and pollution-free environmentally friendly fertilizer.
Promote the application of potassium and trace elements technology. Potassium fertilizer applied to potassium-deficient soil generally receives an increase in yield. In addition to increasing the application of organic fertilizers and promoting the replenishment of dryland crop straws to supplement soil potassium, the application of chemical potassium fertilizer is the most direct and effective way to supplement soil potassium and supply potassium nutrition to crops. Boron, zinc, molybdenum and other elements, although the amount of crops required is very small, but generally can receive the "additional icing on the cake" after application. Fruit trees and other minerals are very sensitive to boron. Boron deficiency will lead to “flowers and not realâ€, “buds and not flowersâ€, which seriously affect crop yield. The application of boron in fruit trees and the like is generally carried out at a base of 0.5--1.0 kg per mu. It can also be sprayed with foliar surface, 100-200 g of boron fertilizer and 40--50 kg of water. Zinc application in rice, wheat and corn is generally carried out using zinc fertilizer 1.0-1.5 kg as base fertilizer. Peanuts are mixed with molybdenum fertilizer - generally control 12 grams of molybdenum fertilizer for one acre of seeds.
Promote soil testing and balanced fertilization techniques. Firstly, the soil is used to understand the soil fertility performance, and then the crops are required to be fertilized. Under the conditions of organic fertilizers, the appropriate dosages and proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizers are proposed, and fertilizers are directly applied to crop fertilization techniques. . This is a major reform in China's fertilization technology, which is the comprehensive use of modern agricultural scientific and technological achievements and scientific and technological means.
Broaden the application route of organic fertilizer. Organize manpower and material resources, and make great efforts to accumulate organic fertilizers. We must do a good job in the construction of “three facilities†where “people have toilets, livestock have circles, and households have accumulated fertilizer pitsâ€. At the same time, farmers should be mobilized to use all available organic fertilizer resources. Try to collect them and use them to ensure the input of organic fertilizers for crops. It is guaranteed to apply more than 1500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre. Increase the number of organic fertilizers applied, do a good job in land-building, and maintain a balance of land forces, so as to achieve the goal of combining land and land to increase yield.
Promote the application of special fertilizers for crop series. The special compound fertilizer for crop series is the physicochemical product of formula fertilization technology, which contains various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-requirement for crop growth. It solves the problem that it is difficult to match in rural areas for a long time. problem. Compared with single chemical fertilizer or customary fertilization, crop special fertilizer generally has the following advantages: (1) strong target, reasonable ratio, long-term fertilizer effect, can significantly improve crop growth ability, slow release of fertilizer after application, can be the whole growth period of crop Provide sufficient nutrition to achieve a balanced supply of various nutrients to crops, avoiding blind fertilization and fertilizer waste. (2) Increased fertilizer utilization. Generally, the utilization rate of nitrogen can be increased from 20% to 30%, and the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium can be increased from 20% to 40%. Other micro-sugars can also extend the effective period accordingly, and the fertilizer cost and labor are reduced accordingly, and the economic benefits are obviously improved. . (3) The application method is simple and easy for farmers to operate. The application of special fertilizers generally requires a full base fertilizer in one place, and the application rate per mu is generally 50-60 kg. (4) The main amount can be increased, and the yield can be increased by 15% compared with the single chemical fertilizer or the customary fertilization.
Promote high-efficiency bio-organic compound fertilizer. Bio-organic compound fertilizer is an agricultural technology project promoted by the State Science and Technology Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture in the country. The technological achievements are the first in China and occupy the leading position in the world. It is a "four-in-one" fertilizer composed of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and synergist. Its advantages are: (1) It can improve fertilizer utilization. Bio-organic fertilizer combines the advantages of “speed†of chemical fertilizer, “stable†of organic fertilizer, and “promoting†of bacterial fertilizer, forming a “combination of nutrientsâ€, which can increase nutrient utilization rate from 30% to 50%. (2) It has the dual effect of increasing crop yield and improving product quality. Generally, grain and cotton crops can be increased by 10-20%, and specialty crops can be increased by 20-30%. It is an ideal product for the development of “green food†and high-quality agriculture. (3) It can improve the soil and fertilize the soil. (4) Turn waste into treasure, reduce pollution and improve the ecological environment. It is an efficient and pollution-free environmentally friendly fertilizer.
Promote the application of potassium and trace elements technology. Potassium fertilizer applied to potassium-deficient soil generally receives an increase in yield. In addition to increasing the application of organic fertilizers and promoting the replenishment of dryland crop straws to supplement soil potassium, the application of chemical potassium fertilizer is the most direct and effective way to supplement soil potassium and supply potassium nutrition to crops. Boron, zinc, molybdenum and other elements, although the amount of crops required is very small, but generally can receive the "additional icing on the cake" after application. Fruit trees and other minerals are very sensitive to boron. Boron deficiency will lead to “flowers and not realâ€, “buds and not flowersâ€, which seriously affect crop yield. The application of boron in fruit trees and the like is generally carried out at a base of 0.5--1.0 kg per mu. It can also be sprayed with foliar surface, 100-200 g of boron fertilizer and 40--50 kg of water. Zinc application in rice, wheat and corn is generally carried out using zinc fertilizer 1.0-1.5 kg as base fertilizer. Peanuts are mixed with molybdenum fertilizer - generally control 12 grams of molybdenum fertilizer for one acre of seeds.
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