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□ Shenyang Polyamine 9S Industry and Trade Company Guo Xiaofei Guo Chunlei Building exterior wall insulation is the key to building energy in cold and cold areas. Among many wall insulation materials, polyaluminum I hard foam (English polyirethanefoam referred to as PUF) is the lowest thermal conductivity of all thermal insulation materials (X=0L018w/mk), so it has the best thermal insulation properties. At the same time, it can be sprayed on site to form a seamless insulation (and waterproof) layer without any cold bridge. Moreover, it is firmly bonded to the base surface of the wall and is suitable for high-rise buildings and buildings in the windy area of ​​the sea. It is the preferred material for building exterior wall (roof) with energy saving of 50% or more, and is also suitable for buildings with low energy consumption (80% energy saving). Wall (roof) insulation; special shape construction, steel construction exterior wall (roof) insulation and thermal insulation waterproof integrated building and thermal insulation decoration integrated building insulation structure insulation.
With the implementation of the national third-step energy-saving 65% policy, the application of polyurethane I to rigid foam brings good opportunities. The author of this paper combines the practical experience of more than 200,000 m2 of on-site spraying of polyurethane hard foam in the East and North regions for many years. From the aspects of raw materials, processes and equipment, the research and development of a building exterior wall for ammonia in cold and cold areas. The brewing site spraying insulation system is now discussed with colleagues in the industry.
PUF on-site spraying and insulation system The specific PUF building h h insulation has direct spray, template casting, dry hanging Pan sheet bonding four major types of crafts, each with its own characteristics. Considering the fact that the actual project has a large amount of heat preservation, short construction period requirements, and low cost requirements, it is indeed necessary to use the on-site direct spraying PUF process route in cold and cold areas. The on-site spray insulation system consists of two parts: PUF insulation layer and polymer crack-resistant mortar (glass fiber mesh reinforcement).
The selection of materials and main indicators consider the low temperature (<20CH) in the eastern and northern regions, the thinner coating thickness of 2025nm, the faster foaming in the early stage, and the shorter cost in the post-maturing period. Therefore, the modified polyurethane rigid foam is selected. Isocyanurate-English abbreviation PIR) Fluorine-free system, its viscosity is suitable for >45m pipeline material conveying, foaming speed is suitable for the current ambient temperature of 10-30C, other physical properties after foaming meet the C3/T38061999 standard.
Due to the large temperature difference between day and night in the eastern and northern regions, the effective temperature period of 5C or above is short, and the construction and negative temperature curing (0-5C) polymer mortar must be prepared in the later stage of the project. Its physical properties are in line with G144 moisture-proof primer: because the air and wall humidity in the construction season is not large, it can not be used.
Interface agent: This system does not choose a special interface agent, but it should be used as a cover for sun protection. Generally, it can be modified by using the surface polymer mortar.
Glass fiber mesh: in line with the Q49-2003 standard.
Finishing coatings: There are various types of latex coatings, acrylic coatings and real stone paints. The recommendation is selected by the user, and the construction (leveling putty) is carried out by a professional team.
4, PUF Xi h insulation system comprehensive performance indicators are shown in the table below.
The weather resistance of the unit index shall not crack, empty or fall off after 80 times of high temperature and one rain cycle and 20 times of heating and one refrigeration cycle.
Water absorption capacity (drainage 1h) Impact strength The wind pressure is not less than the wind load design value of the project. The freeze-thaw resistance surface is free of cracks, hollow drums, foaming, peeling. The protective layer water vapor permeability resistance meets the design requirements. The inner side of the protective layer is water-free and wear-resistant, 500L seconds without cracking, cracking or surface protective layer spalling, damage and seismic performance. Under the earthquake, the external thermal insulation system has no falling off construction technology and equipment selection. 1. The basic construction process is selected to adapt. The effective construction period in the East b area is short, simplifying the need for the process P to reduce the cost. The selection process is as follows: paying the line, cleaning the wall surface - spraying PUF sanding and leveling - wiping the polymer mortar, pressing into the mesh cloth to level the surface brush paint.
2, spraying equipment selection choose a US company to change the proportion of small flow 6kg / min high pressure spraying machine, the length of the conveyor belt > 45m, spraying pressure > 15MPa, can be adapted to close-range spraying (<1mi small spray volume (<8kg / nhni many times Accurate spraying (thickness 5-10nm/pass). Planar error <5mm and self-developing special electric grinder, 1mm error, with suction device.
The key to pre-construction preparation and construction precautions is to accurately put the line on the base of the wall and drill it, and the distance between the points is within 2 feet. PUF is sprayed according to the thickness of the pile (PUF block bonding). The line is mis-produced in the range of 05nmi, and the excess is negotiated with Party A.
2, artificial Qingji wall base surface, so that the surface is free of floating ash, oil, more than 5mm gap hole with cement mortar. Auxiliary facilities such as scaffolding, fences, and hanging rails should meet the requirements of this process and safety.
4. Construction environment: In case of windy days (level 4 or above, rainy weather, temperature less than 10C, no construction at night; surrounding contaminated objects should be shielded and protected, and there must be special guardian or isolation belt in the windy area; Use an open flame and prepare relevant fire-fighting tools to rescue the initial fire.
Matters related to construction: Some special parts of the building (edges, corners, etc.) can be pasted with PUF sheet and then sprayed with PUF; polymer mortar with thin plaster and mesh cloth work is the same as EPS operation, the standard specification is the same: strict operation Standards (specifications) and processes to monitor quality, safety, pollution and personal hygiene protection, weather changes and other factors.
Brief introduction of typical project 1. A high-rise apartment in Changchun (50% energy-saving standard, renovation project, belonging to severe cold area) Changchun an apartment is composed of 4 28-storey high-rise buildings, with an insulation area of ​​about 30,000 n2. Frame structure, light body Block filling wall + EPS board insulation, completed in 2002. Due to improper insulation, in 2003, the residents found that the winter wall was wet and dew, and there was mildew. The indoor temperature was less than 16C, so the fee was refused. After multi-program competition, the PUF spray insulation system of our company is adopted, and the PUF thickness is 20nmx latex paint finish. Construction started in May 2004, and construction was completed in October and passed the acceptance test. After use by users, the indoor temperature in winter reaches 18C or above, and there is no wet condensation and mildew on the wall. During the construction period, the user's life is still the same, Peng is very small, and it is very suitable because it involves the user's own interests. After 3 years of severe cold and hot summer tests, the insulation system has not found any abnormalities, and the owners have reported good results.
2. A commercial and residential high-rise building in Dalian (50% energy-saving standard, new project, cold area) An office building in Dalian consists of 4 2840-storey high-rise buildings with an insulation area of ​​over 40,000 m2 and cast-in-place concrete shear wall structure. The floors below 2 floors are dry hanging stone plus internal spray PUF insulation, the above uses PUF spray insulation thin plastering system, thickness 2530nmX energy saving standard 50), the finish paint is real stone paint. Insulation workers were started in April 2005 and completed in November. In the same year, the design standards were met through formal acceptance. After two years of actual test of the cold winter, no abnormalities have been found so far.
Problems and countermeasures 1. Pollution problems. In order to prevent the spraying of PUF splashing and floating, the window door frame that is afraid of pollution on the site should be protected in advance, and cleaned immediately after spraying. Monitor the 100-meter downwind area to warn people and vehicles entering the area and provide effective protection. In addition, because the spraying of PUF has a harmful gas volatilization during the foaming process, it is harmful to the operating system's respiratory system, and must have good protective equipment and activated carbon replaced by walking time; at the same time, each unit is exchanged by 2 sprayers. , to minimize personal hygiene risks.
2. After the PUF survives, the surface is protected against glare. If the PUF is sprayed and the surface is polished and leveled, the cover can not be plastered in time. The PUF insulation layer on the south and west sides of the building cannot be exposed for more than 10 days under the direct fire. If more than 10 days, use a layer of interface agent (with cement) to cover the layer.
å“ Security issues. Due to the high altitude work, it should be operated strictly in accordance with the safety standards for building aerial work. Due to the cross-operation of multiple types of work, other work on the site often requires an open fire, which requires strict prevention and cannot be taken lightly.
The problem of the rate of cattle work is affected by a series of factors such as weather materials, the number of equipment and the rate of goodness, scaffolding, cross-operation, and quality supervision. The problem of labor rate is relatively prominent. It must be coordinated according to the actual situation in order to improve work efficiency and ensure the construction period. Under normal conditions, each unit (3 persons) spraying PUF has a working standard of 200,300n2/day, and the equipment operating rate is 4060%. The surface operation is pure manual operation, and the tools are simple. The personnel can increase or decrease with the PUF spraying schedule. contradiction.
hook up. Set up the entrance inspection, sensitive W' test, batch test, and re-examination after the completion of the sampling inspection. There are five inspection procedures, including three self-tests, and two are jointly inspected with the supervisor.
PUF consumption rate problem in on-site spraying operation. This issue is very sensitive because it involves economic interests. Xipu wall spray PUF insulation is different from other spray PUF insulation (such as cold storage, color steel shed, storage tank, etc.), due to weather factors (mainly temperature, wind) and human factors (mainly spray hand quality and site management level). Factors such as raw materials, equipment, and wall surfaces are louder. Therefore, after the PUF operation is completed, the actual consumption of the PUF insulation layer after reaching the standard has a difference with the theoretical budget consumption (the ratio is called the consumption rate), and the poor grasp can exceed 30% (generally 1020% i solve it) The countermeasures are: to understand all kinds of Peng Xiang factors must be comprehensive and clear; the overall solution must be specific and accurate; supervision and implementation, implementation and strive to be precise.
The engineering practice shows that the process of the system is simplified, so the construction period is relatively short and the cost is relatively low. It is very suitable for high-rise buildings or coastal wind-heating areas and exterior insulation of special-shaped buildings. The system can adapt to 0-5C low temperature construction (05C curing), and the construction period is relatively extended. The system has been tested in the East and North regions (Changchun and Dalian) after three years of cold and heat, and the insulation effect has reached the design requirements. As of the beginning, it can be recommended to gradually spread over a large area in the dry and cold regions of the North.
Of course, there are some problems in the promotion and application of this system, and it needs to be improved and improved. For example, environmental protection issues still need to be further improved. Some construction nodes need to be further improved, and the PLF rate problem of work efficiency needs to be further imprisoned. dST -. indium
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