Main vegetable science fertilization technology

Leafy vegetables

In view of the problem of low application rate of organic fertilizers, partial application and excessive application of chemical fertilizers in leafy vegetables, the basic fertilizers are mainly based on organic fertilizers, and the topdressing fertilizers are mainly available nitrogen fertilizers, combined with application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Application of calcium and magnesium fertilizers.

Application of organic fertilizer: Apply about 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer that has been decomposed and harmlessly treated per mu.

Application of NPK: The output level per mu is below 1500 kg, 12 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 9 kg of potash; the output level per mu is 1500-2000 kg, 11 kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and 5.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied. Potassium fertilizer 8.5 kg; the output level per mu is more than 2000 kg, 10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 8 kg of potassium fertilizer.

Fertilization ratio: base fertilizer, generally 100% organic fertilizer and 100% phosphate fertilizer and 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting or transplanting. The amount of seedling fertilizer is generally 10% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied. In the prosperous growth period, the amount of fertilizer applied is generally 80% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied, and it is insisted on topdressing and topdressing once every 10 days. In addition, most leafy vegetables are hi-calcium and hi-magnesium crops. For areas where soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium are below the critical value, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer should be used, 10-20 kg of lime per acre, or at the seedling stage. Spray 0.3% calcium chloride solution or 0.25%-0.5% calcium nitrate solution in vigorous growth period to prevent leafy vegetables from seriously affecting product and quality due to physiological calcium deficiency or magnesium deficiency.

Melons, eggplants, fruits, beans and vegetables

In view of the low application rate of organic fertilizers applied to melon, eggplant, fruit and legumes, the application of nitrogen fertilizers in partial or excessive application, and the neglect of potassium fertilizer application, etc., insisting on the combination of organic fertilizers and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Application, the application of potassium fertilizer in the middle and late stages has an important role in reducing deformed fruit and improving fruit quality.

Application of organic fertilizer: about 3000 pieces per mu.

Application of NPK: The output level per mu is below 2000 kg, 13 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 7 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer; the yield level per mu is 2000-2500 kg, 12 kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and 6.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer is applied. Potassium fertilizer 9.5 kg; the output level per mu is more than 2500 kg, 11 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 9 kg of potash fertilizer.

Fertilization method: base fertilizer, generally apply high-quality soil fertilizer or pig and cow dung 3000 kg per mu before transplanting, and use 100% phosphate fertilizer and 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer. The amount of seedling fertilizer is generally 10% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied. During the development of the ear, the amount of fertilizer applied is generally 70% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied. During this period, the fertilizer should be applied in several stages, and the fertilizer should be applied once every 10 days. In the middle and late stages, the 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed 2 to 3 times on the foliar surface, which had a good effect.

Roots and stems

In view of the low application rate of organic fertilizer applied to roots and stems, the partial application and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and the neglect of the application of potassium fertilizer, etc., the organic fertilizer is mainly used, and the fertilizer is mainly applied with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are combined and applied, especially paying attention to the application of potassium fertilizer in the middle and late stages. According to the principle of “one control, two promotion, three guarantees, and four bogey”, fertilization is applied several times. One control is to control fertilization during flowering period, so as to avoid falling flowers, deciduous leaves and fruit drop; second promotion is to timely topdress the young fruit period and harvest period. Promote the rapid expansion of young fruit; the three guarantees are not to lose fertilizer, not long, not fat; four bogey is to avoid high-concentration fertilizer, avoid wet soil topdressing, avoid high temperature when chasing the moon and avoid excessive concentration of topdressing.

Application of organic fertilizer: about 3000 kg per mu.

Application of NPK: The output level per mu is below 2000 kg, 10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 7 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer; the yield level per mu is 2000-2500 kg, 9 kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and 6.5 mm of phosphate fertilizer Potassium fertilizer 9 kg; the output level per mu is above 2500 kg, 8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 6 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 8 kg of potash fertilizer.

Fertilization method: base fertilizer, generally before the transplanting, the high-quality soil mixed fertilizer or pig and cow dung 3000 kg per acre, and 100% of the phosphate fertilizer and 30% of the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer are used as the base fertilizer. The application rate of seedling fertilizer is generally 50% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applied. During this period, the topdressing should be applied in several stages, and the topdressing should be carried out every 10 days to promote the growth of stems and leaves and expand the assimilation area. The fertilizer is applied in an amount of 30% of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, which promotes tuber swelling and increases yield. Melons, eggplants, fruits, and beans are sprayed with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2 to 3 times in the middle and late growth stages, which has good effects.

Source: Hunan Science and Technology News
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