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"Smog" is a topic that has been heatedly debated in recent years. When it comes to "smog," coal is always a topic that cannot be avoided. How can coal be used to remove the "pollution" hat? Faced with the pressure of all levels of society, how should the future of coal go? Listen to the expert in the coal industry - the vice president of China University of Mining and Technology, Jiang Yaodong, how to say.
At present, China's energy structure is unreasonable. In 2014, the proportion of coal consumption was still as high as 64.2%. The utilization of coal was extensive, energy efficiency was low, and environmental carrying capacity was close to the limit. On October 20, 2014, an authoritative study by the experts of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Natural Resources Conservation Association (NRDC), Peking University, and Tsinghua University, "The use of coal for the Chinese atmosphere The contribution of pollution was officially released. It is also one of the intermediate results of the “China Coal Consumption Total Control Program and Policy Research Projectâ€. The data shows that coal use “contributes†to PM2.5 by about 60%! I still have doubts about the authority of this data, but the primary cause of coal pollution is air pollution is definitely an indisputable fact.
There are similar views in the world. For example, the title of the article published by Raja Jayaraman and other scholars on February 27, 2015 is the Immorality of Coal. The article points out that the Ebola virus has received great attention in recent months. But coal is a much more dangerous killer than Ebola. Toxic coal dust takes 800,000 lives a year, causing millions of people to become ill. The ongoing battle for war in Beijing – a problem known as “airpocalypse†– strongly demonstrates the impact of coal on air quality.
But in this regard, the Chinese capital is by no means an isolated case. Many Indian cities have similar air pollution to Beijing, and some even have nothing to do. The article also pointed out that the coal industry seems to be bent on making money regardless of the global environment. The industry claims that coal is vital to ending energy poverty as a stubborn attempt to capture moral highs.
Faced with these problems, the voice of coalification in the domestic society is getting louder and louder. For example, the International Symposium on China’s Total Coal Consumption and Energy Structure Transformation held in Beijing on November 17 and November 18 last year, covering the peak of China’s coal, Heavy issues such as coal and water resources and air pollution are mainly calls for coalification.
It can be seen that the use of coal as an energy source is experiencing unprecedented pressure.
On the other hand, from the perspective of China's overall energy resources, China's coal reserves are relatively abundant. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, coal will still occupy a dominant position in China's energy consumption structure. In 2020, coal accounted for more than 60% of primary energy consumption. To ensure the energy security of the 1.3 billion populous country, coal is still the most basic, reliable, safest and cheapest energy source in China for a long period of time. From the perspective of national strategic interests and energy security, safe and green scientific mining and efficient and low-polluting use of coal resources are of great significance for ensuring the stability of coal-based energy structures.
Therefore, the coal industry must accelerate the development of the coal industry from capital and resources to a technology-driven transformation, and win the initiative.
The China University of Engineering's major energy consulting project, “China Coal Clean, Efficient, Sustainable Development and Utilization Strategy Researchâ€, published on December 18, 2014, condensed the wisdom of 30 academicians and vividly proposed the “well†font distribution pattern of China's coal resources. The system puts forward a comprehensive evaluation system of scientific production capacity, establishes the “clean fit†index of coal quality macro evaluation, and studies the economic cost balance point of coal transportation and transmission through case study. It compares various advanced power generation technologies in various aspects and on various types of coal. The whole life cycle analysis of chemical products was carried out. The advantages and development direction of coal-based polygeneration system were studied, and the upper limit of coal consumption under pollutant constraints was proposed. The research results point out the direction of future development for China's coal energy.
Academician Xie Kechang, former deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out: "As China's basic energy, coal must be revolutionary, but it is not the life of the leather. It is not early to mention the 'post coal era', 'de-coalization' is not desirable. The revolution in the coal field The core of the whole is to promote the clean utilization of coal industry and the entire industry chain."
It can be foreseen that the basic position of the coal industry in the national economy will be long-term and stable and irreplaceable. Coal is still the cheapest and safest source of energy, despite the emergence of unconventional energy sources such as shale gas and combustible ice.
Once again, based on the resource endowment, the status of coal as the main energy source in China will not change. Clean and efficient use of coal will receive more attention. Officials of the National Energy Administration even proposed that “it is equally important to promote the clean and efficient use of coal and the development of clean energyâ€.
Power generation is the main direction for the clean and efficient use of coal. According to the national coal-fired energy-saving emission reduction upgrade operation plan, the coal consumption of the newly-built coal-fired unit is less than 300 grams of standard coal per kWh, and the pollutant discharge is close to the emission level of the gas-fired unit. In 2020, the coal consumption of the 600,000-kilowatt and above units is reduced. 300 grams of standard coal per kWh. In recent years, environmental protection pressures of power generation companies will continue to increase, and environmental protection investment has to increase under policy pressure. Efficient and clean power generation technologies such as supercritical power generation and large circulating fluidized beds will also be promoted and supported.
In addition, modern coal chemical industry is one of the ways to cleanly use coal, thereby realizing the transition of coal from fuel to raw materials.
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