Beware of high-rise buildings as disaster amplifiers

On December 15th, a 25-story building in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, was hit by a fire. The tall buildings were nearly “burning”. Why can the high-level open flames not be effectively extinguished? How to effectively prevent high-level fire? After the fire, the media and the people sent many questions to the fire.

Status: High-spray trucks "can't be reached"

Guangzhou Wenzhou Chamber of Commerce Footwear Branch said that there were 32 Wenzhou footwear wholesalers renting warehouses in the Jianye Building that had caught fire. The fires lost more than 70 million yuan. The building has been regarded as a key fire hazard unit in the Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City. In this year alone, the relevant person in Yuexiu District visited the building at least three times for safety inspections and required rectification.

According to media reports, Guangzhou Public Security fire detachment personnel involved in the rescue said that after the fire, the highest high-spray truck and ladder at the scene was only 48 meters. About 78 hours after the fire broke out, the highest 78-meter high sprayer currently in use in Guangzhou was put into use. One of the reasons is that after the 78-meter-tall sprayer reached the vicinity of the fire, it was subject to traffic control and onlookers, and could not enter the fire. At the same time, the fire department of Guangzhou City explained why it was difficult to save, saying that “the automatic sprinkler system inside the building and the exhaust system cannot be used”.

Question: Three-dimensional burning fire is hard to put out

Guangzhou Jianye Building Fire is not a case. On April 19, 2009, a fire broke out in Nanjing International Plaza. Unlike the Guangzhou Jianye Building, the Central International Plaza was fired and eventually extinguished. It took less than one hour before and after, and the burned area was about 400 square meters. There were 410 people evacuated and rescued without emergency and became the most successful nationwide in fighting high-rise building fires. One of the cases. Similarly, Nanjing also does not have more than 100 meters of fire engines.

The "April 19" fire at Nanjing's Central International Plaza blew up at 10:50, and it burned to the top of the building in just 8 minutes. Why is the fire particularly high when a high-rise building is in a fire? According to the Ministry of Public Security's fire fighting and rescue experts, because most high-rise buildings now have a frame structure, once the wall is damaged or windows remain in the middle of a fire, it is easy to form three-dimensional combustion under the air circulation. This kind of fire is particularly fierce, and it is most difficult to be extinguished.

The Ministry of Public Security's Fire Department once had statistics that the smoke spreads at a speed of 3m to 5m per second after a high-rise building catches fire, but the main force in conventional firefighting operations—fire engines—has no power at all in the face of high-level fires. . Even if a fire engine with more than 100 meters is used, it may not be able to come in handy when a fire occurs. Because a fire engine with a height of 100 meters or more requires a particularly high operating radius, it is difficult to find such a large stable space to erect fire engines when a fire breaks out. High fire ladder.

Response: Set up refuge floors every 15 floors

According to national standards, residential buildings with more than 10 floors and other civil buildings with a height of more than 24 meters are high-rise buildings, and those with more than 100 meters are super high-rise buildings. With the advancement of urbanization, ultra-high-rise buildings have become commonplace in large cities. The construction plans for second-tier and third-tier cities have also been frequently updated.

According to experts, at present, high-rise building fire fighting, mainly from the technical point of view, "self-prevention and self-help", in addition to conventional fire hydrant settings, generally also requires the installation of automatic sprinkler systems, exhaust systems and automatic alarm devices.

The fire that took place at Nanjing's Central International Plaza can be extinguished within an hour. In addition to the firefighters' efforts to rescue, an important factor is that the internal fire protection facilities of the square are in good condition and play a role to the maximum. A fire expert has suggested that high-rise buildings above 15 floors should be equipped with fire refuge floors every 15 floors so that trapped people who cannot escape the building can avoid the fire.

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