Brief introduction of the turning tool

The working part of the turning tool is the part that generates and processes the chip, including the blade edge, the structure that breaks or rolls the chip, the space for chip removal or chip storage, and the passage of the cutting fluid.

The cutting portion of the turning tool is formed by the main cutting edge, the minor cutting edge, the rake face, the main flank face and the minor flank face, and the cutting edge angle. The combination of the cutting portion of the turning tool and the shank (ie, the clamping portion) is mainly integrated, welded, mechanically clamped, and welded-mechanically clamped. Mechanically clamped turning tools prevent stress and cracking of carbide inserts during high temperature welding, and the shank can be used multiple times. Mechanically clamped turning tools are generally mechanically clamped turning tools that clamp the insert with screws and pressure plates and are equipped with indexable inserts. After the blade is blunt, it can be indexed and used continuously, and the parking time is short, so it has developed rapidly.

The cutting portion of the turning tool is composed of a main cutting edge, a minor cutting edge, a front side, a rear side, and a rear side. Its geometry is determined by the rake angle γo, the relief angle αo, the main declination κr, the rake angle γ S , the minor declination κ 惤 and the radius of the tool nose arc rε. The choice of turning tool geometry parameters is influenced by many factors and must be selected according to the specific situation. The rake angle γo is selected according to the composition and strength of the workpiece material, and a smaller value should be taken when cutting the material with higher strength. For example, a carbide turning tool takes 10° to 15° for cutting the ordinary carbon steel and -2° to -10° for cutting chrome-manganese steel or hardened steel. In general, the back angle is 6° to 10°. The lead angle κr is determined according to the rigidity of the process system, generally 30 ° ~ 75 °, when the rigidity is poor, take a larger value, in the car step axis, because the cutting method needs to be greater than or equal to 90 °. The tool nose radius rε and the secondary declination κ惤 are generally selected according to the requirements of the surface roughness of the machined surface. The blade inclination angle γ S is determined according to the required chip removal direction and blade strength. The type of the front of the turning tool is mainly determined by the nature of the workpiece material and the tool material. The simplest is the flat type, the front plane is suitable for the plane type.

Carbide turning tools for high speed steel turning and finishing, the flat front with negative rake angle is suitable for carbide turning tools for machining high strength steel and rough cut steel. The chamfered flat type is a carbide turning tool that is machined with a negative chamfer on the positive rake angle to improve the cutting edge strength and is suitable for machining cast iron and general steel. For turning tools that require chip breaking, a circular face with a negative chamfer may be used, or a chip breaking table may be ground on the front of the flat type.

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