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Sewage waste is a major problem in many major cities around the world. Most of the residue after the sewage treatment comes from human excrement. However, some scholars have developed innovative ways of handling. A Japanese scholar is studying how to put this sludge into an edible burger. At present, a research team in South Korea claims that these wastes can be used as raw materials for biodiesel production, which may be less expensive than extracting edible oils.
The project was led by Eilhann Kwon, a scholar of industrial science and technology research institutions. He said that these wastes are rich in lipids and can be used to extract biodiesel. An important component of biodiesel is lipids that can be found in various oils.
The aerobic bacteria in the sewer drainage system convert some of the methane and carbon dioxide into lipids and this lipid can be converted into energy. After a large amount of lipids accumulate in the bacteria, a large amount of lipid components will be contained in the wastewater.
Professor Kwon used n-hexane to extract these lipids from the dried waste. The team study found that the lipid content per gram of waste is 2200 times more than that of soybean, which is a common oil crop. And the extraction of these lipids costs only US$0.03 per litre, and costs 0.08 US$ per litre when extracted from soybeans.
So why didn't you use this extraction method before? The reason is that the extraction of lipids from the filth also produces additional fatty acids that can catalyze the entire process. Such biodiesel is doped with methanol in lipids.
To solve this problem, the team came up with the entire reaction at high temperatures without any catalyst. Doing so can also greatly speed up the entire reaction process. Porous raw materials, activated alumina, are used to separate the impurities produced in the reaction.
The test found that during the reaction process, the high temperature of 380°C, supplemented with a large amount of carbon dioxide, the conversion rate can be as high as 98%.
Professor Kwon also hopes to provide this new type of waste treatment technology for sewage treatment plants. The entire process needs to maintain a dry environment, and the extraction equipment also needs a lot of procurement. Professor Kwon believes that these conditions can be achieved in a matter of years, which is good for the environment and revenue. He said that this technology makes waste no longer wasteful, turning waste into available resources.
This method has been published in the environmental science and technology newspaper. Rafael Hernandez of Mississippi State University expressed great appreciation for this breakthrough in chemical engineering. He said that there are differences in the waste situation everywhere, but this technology is very meaningful.
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