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The purpose of the flame retardant technology is to make the non-flame retardant material have flame retardant properties, and it is not easy to burn or self-extinguish under certain conditions, and is a material that provides safety protection. The future development direction of flame retardants is that the flame retardant effect is good, safe and environmentally friendly. To this end, considerable manpower and resources have been invested in the development of new flame retardant technologies. Nowadays, several new flame retardant technologies have been developed. Xiaobian will introduce several new flame retardant technologies for environmentally friendly flame retardants.
First, surface modification
The inorganic flame retardant has strong polarity and hydrophilicity, has poor compatibility with the non-polar polymer material, and is difficult to form a good bond and bond at the interface. In order to improve the adhesion and interfacial affinity between the polymer and the polymer, it is one of the most effective methods for surface treatment with a coupling agent. Commonly used coupling agents are silanes and titanates. If the silane treated aTH has good flame retardant effect, it can effectively improve the flexural strength of the polyester and the tensile strength of the epoxy resin; the ethylene-silane treated a TH can be used to improve the resistance of the crosslinked ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. Flammability, heat resistance and moisture resistance. A titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent can be used in combination to produce a synergistic effect. After surface modification, the surface activity of aTH is improved, the affinity with the resin is enhanced, the physical and mechanical properties of the product are improved, the processing fluidity of the resin is increased, the moisture absorption rate of the surface of a TH is lowered, and the moisture absorption rate is improved. Various electrical properties of flame retardant products, and improve the flame retardant effect from V21 to V20.
Second, super refinement
Inorganic flame retardants have the advantages of high stability, low volatilization, low smoke toxicity and low cost, and are increasingly favored by people. However, its compatibility with synthetic materials is poor, and the amount of addition is large, so that the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the materials are reduced. Therefore, the modification of the inorganic flame retardant, the compatibility with the synthetic material is enhanced, and the amount thereof is reduced to become one of the development trends of the inorganic flame retardant. At present, ultra-fine and nano-alloy of aluminum hydroxide (3 al(OH)) is the main research and development direction. The large addition of 3 al(OH) will reduce the mechanical properties of the material, and by re-filling the 3 al(OH) micronization, it will have the effect of plasticizing and strengthening the rigid particles, especially the nano-scale materials. Since the effect of the flame retardant is governed by the chemical reaction, the smaller the particle size of the same amount of the flame retardant, the larger the specific surface area, and the better the flame retardant effect. Ultra-fine refinement is also considered in terms of affinity. It is precisely because of the different polarity of aluminum hydroxide and polymer that the physical and mechanical properties of its flame retardant composites are degraded. The ultra-fine nano-alloyed 3 a(OH) enhances the interfacial interaction and can be uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin, which improves the mechanical properties of the blend more effectively.
Third, the compounding synergy
In practical production applications, a single flame retardant always has one or the other defects, and it is difficult to meet higher and higher requirements using a single flame retardant. The compounding technology of the flame retardant is to combine between phosphorus, halogen, nitrogen and inorganic flame retardants, or some kind of internal, to seek the best economic and social benefits. The flame retardant compounding technology can combine the advantages of two or more flame retardants to complement their performance, reduce the amount of flame retardant, and improve the flame retardant properties, processing properties and physical and mechanical properties of the materials.
Fourth, cross-linking
The flame retardant properties of crosslinked polymers are much better than those of linear polymers. Adding a small amount of cross-linking agent during the processing of thermoplastics can make the plastic become part of the network structure, improve the dispersibility of the flame retardant, facilitate the formation of carbon deposits during the burning of plastics, improve the flame retardant properties, and increase the product. Mechanical, heat resistant and other properties.
Five, microencapsulation
The application of microencapsulation to flame retardants is a new technology developed in recent years. The essence of microencapsulation is to pulverize and disperse the flame retardant into fine particles, encapsulate it with organic or inorganic substances, form a microcapsule flame retardant, or adsorb the flame retardant to these inorganic substances by using a large surface inorganic substance as a carrier. In the voids of the carrier, a honeycomb microcapsule flame retardant is formed. The microencapsulation of bromine-based environmentally friendly flame retardants has the following advantages: it can improve the stability of the flame retardant; improve the compatibility of the flame retardant with the resin, and improve the physical and mechanical properties of the material; A variety of properties of flame retardants, expanding its range of applications.
Six, nano flame retardant technology
Some nanomaterials have the function of preventing combustion, and they are added as flame retardants to combustible materials. With their special size and structural effects, the combustion properties of combustible materials can be changed to make them fire-resistant materials. The use of nanotechnology can change the flame retardant mechanism and improve the flame retardant properties. Due to the small particle size and large specific surface area of ​​the nanoparticles, the surface effects, volume effects, quantum size effects and macroscopic quantum tunneling effects of the nanoparticles provide new features for the design and preparation of high-performance, multi-functional new materials. Ideas and ways.
The above six technologies are the latest research results of flame retardant technology. In the near future, more advanced technologies will be applied to flame retardant products to provide a safer living environment for everyone.
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