Remediation of common construction quality common problems of external thermal insulation

All are excellent, it is the real quality project, and small water conservancy projects must also be implemented.

The requirements of the superior level for the quality management of water conservancy projects are becoming more and more detailed and stricter, and the status quo of grassroots water conservancy technology is far from adapting to the changes in the situation. Implementing total quality management including “longitudinal”

And 1 horizontal "two aspects," vertical "that is, from beginning to end (full process) / horizontal" that covers I large, medium and small), small water conservancy is no exception. Small-scale water conservancy projects must be carried out from the aspects of project demonstration, design, construction, supervision, management, etc., and do a good job in quality monitoring. Most of the grassroots water conservancy departments integrate supervision, design, supervision, construction and other functions. They should pay attention to the development of human resources, strengthen quality education, improve the level of inspection, and do a good job in post-construction management and protection, and establish a quality assurance system suitable for their own situation.

External thermal insulation common construction quality common disease rectification Zhou Luo (Daqing City Real Estate Bureau) I. External quality construction quality problems and analysis 1. Insufficient construction preparation for external insurance, it is difficult to ensure the construction quality (1) issued by the Ministry of Construction (20061192 (civil construction) The project management and energy conservation quality supervision and management measures>, clearly stated that the construction unit should prepare a special construction technical plan for building energy conservation before the construction starts, the supervision should formulate the supervision plan and implementation rules that meet the building energy conservation requirements. “It is obvious that this is the most important preparation for construction. The basic ring. (2) The drawing review process is formalized. The design drawings obviously have insufficient design depth. For example, there is no specific performance requirement for the thermal insulation material in the design drawing, the thermal insulation construction detail node package rain cover, provocation, closed balcony bar The construction practices of the external components such as the board and the outdoor unit of the air conditioner are swallowed up. The construction and some supervision units have not seen it. The sloppy work has laid the groundwork for the future construction quality hazards, resulting in the design of the construction side, blind drying, and even Rework, delay the progress of the project, reduce the quality. (3) Models before the construction, did not go through Construction, design, construction, supervision and other personnel confirmed that construction was not carried out without written records. Serious violations (in the technical regulations for the construction of energy-saving projects in residential buildings) were sought. The performance of many sites did not allow designers to check the samples. The model is limited to one wall, and there is no template node. The pertinence and representativeness are poor, resulting in large random construction and uneven quality standards, resulting in “heat bridge”.

F2, the material entering the field is out of control, stealing the beam and changing the column. (1) Strict building energy-saving materials entering the scene to check the face is the key to ensuring the quality of the building energy-saving project. However, from the actual construction site investigation, the current entry materials still have evidence of entry materials, incomplete retest reports or partial inspection of some materials. These problems are universal and are called common diseases. This will greatly affect the use of energy-saving projects. 1 Re-test items are missing, it is difficult to judge whether the materials meet the design and specification requirements. Currently, common insulation materials on the construction site are mainly polystyrene board (EPS), extruded board), polystyrene granule mixed slurry (commonly known as “insulation ash”), hard Polyurethane foams, etc., are the main technical properties testing items for various insulation materials. This is to ensure the external insulation performance, durability and fire resistance, and the retest report often lacks this important link. 2 The material retest batch is insufficient and does not meet the requirements of the specifications and procedures. This is a common disease for retesting of energy-saving insulation materials. The current test cost of energy-saving insulation materials is higher than that of geotechnical materials. In order to save expenses, the construction unit often reduces the retest batches or even only one test to replace the good batch test. It represents the performance of all energy-saving materials used, which is a serious violation of the specification. 3 Ignore the weathering inspection link of the external wall insulation system. Article 4.0.1 of the Technical Regulations for External Wall Insulation Engineering (G144-2004) clarifies: “The weathering test shall be carried out for the external wall insulation system according to the regulations. n.4 Simplified or missing part of the material test report p, the test report is delayed. Plastic anchor bolts have not been subjected to drawing and anti-aging tests, or the entry materials such as doors and windows have been tested for a long time due to the "four sexes" test. (2) The quality of the test results is caused by sub-filling. Due to the different price differences in the performance of insulation materials on the market, the suppliers of insulation materials with low credibility have maximized the benefits for It, and the quality of the samples provided is often in contrast with the actual delivery quality. In the case of the inferior top plus construction unit, only the samples were retested during the sample retest. The supervision unit was not strict in supervision and did not witness at all. The conditions for the quality materials entering the site were created.

3. The technical level of construction workers is low, which seriously affects the construction technology of energy-saving construction of external thermal insulation. Although the technical regulations and the construction method guide have been successively launched, the construction technology level of the operators is not high, causing the following quality problems: 1) Before the insulation board is pasted, the flatness and verticality of the outer surface of the wall do not meet the requirements of the specification, resulting in the acceptance of the flatness and verticality of 3mm after the insulation board is pasted. (2) The seam of the insulation board remains. The phenomenon at the four corners of the door and window hole is Pu'er. This is precisely a violation of the GEPS-2004 "doors and windows hole at the four corners of the EPS board, can not be spliced" requirements, because the four corners of the door and window are stress-concentrated parts, should be cut with a whole EPS board Forming to avoid cracks caused by the slabs. (3) The bonding area is not up to the requirement. When the floor is above 7 floors, the full-stick method should be used, that is, not less than 70%, and the 7-layer or lower should be constructed by full-stick method. The actual operation and the requirements are seriously inconsistent. (4) The gap between the door and window frame and the body gap, the insulation board and the insulation board are not filled with polyurethane foam, the sealing is not tight, and cracks appear. (5) Ordinary The laying of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is not lapped or the length of the lap is insufficient, and the mesh cloth is lapped at the door and window hole at 45 degrees without the additional net of 300x20. The mesh cloth reverse package processing does not meet the requirements of the atlas. 6) Due to the design reasons, the outer joint members such as the detail node, the rain cover, the provocative cover, the closed balcony fence, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, etc. are not insulated or do not be standardized. (7) The rainwater pipe clamps the insulation board connector There is no pre-setting or the surrounding sealing is not strict. (8) When the mortar layer is too thin, it can not cover the benzene board and the coating has obvious frame, which affects the flatness; when the mortar layer is too thick, or the first layer of mortar The layer was not dry, and the second layer was rushed to face the crack, and the crack occurred when the wall surface was not made according to the specification, or the expansion joint was not constructed according to the atlas, and the wall crack occurred.

two. Quality common disease prevention and control measures 1. When the drawings are reviewed, the energy-saving and thermal insulation design requirements will be reviewed together, and the maps will be carefully combined to map the architectural drawings and the design drawings cited in the design documents to understand the relationship between the various aspects, especially the structural requirements of the node parts. If there is any problem, it should communicate with the design in time, without leaving a dead angle, and do a good job in quality pre-control.

2. The construction unit shall prepare a special construction technical plan for building energy conservation in the construction organization design. The plan shall be combined with the engineering specific material performance requirements, construction execution standards, procedures, handover inspection requirements, construction plans of detailed nodes and construction. The matters to be noticed, etc., allow the operator to see at a glance, and at a glance, know what the procedure is to be constructed and what standards are met.

3, before the energy-saving construction, should lead the way with the model. The construction unit selects the construction workers with high technical level to make the model. The model should be exemplary and popular. It should not be limited to one wall. The construction structure at each detail node should be highlighted, and the construction, construction, supervision and design units should be combined. Check and confirm, in a timely manner on the basis of textual filing, in order to carry out large-scale promotion, to ensure that nothing is lost.

4. Do a good job in pre-job education and training for construction operators. Since the construction personnel come from all aspects, the cultural level, technical ability and personal quality are uneven, and the new technology is a new creature for most construction workers, so the training of the teaching is the key to ensuring the construction quality, and the training is well done. If the construction level is high, the construction quality is good, otherwise the quality is difficult to guarantee.

5. Strictly check the materials entering the site to prevent unqualified materials from entering the market. The supervision unit shall strictly implement the 'one certificate and two reports' system for the inspection of incoming materials, namely: “certificate, performance test report, retest report” is complete, whether the inspection project meets the relevant specifications, and whether the inspection results meet the design drawings. And regulatory requirements.

6. Strictly follow the construction drawings, national and local construction and acceptance specifications, and strictly control the construction procedures. Do a good job in the handover inspection of the upper and lower roads. If the inspection of the upper process is unqualified, it shall not enter the next process. Emphasize and check the construction quality of the detailed joint parts to avoid the occurrence of “heat bridges”. 7. The supervision unit should establish supervision authority and increase the intensity of on-site inspections. Efforts to achieve immediate control, especially for the control of the above-mentioned construction process, to prevent problems, early detection, early correction, to avoid heavy accumulation and avoid large loss of rework.

8. Do a good job in the protection of finished products to prevent the overall effect of energy-saving external insulation due to rework, and prolong the service life of external insulation.

Although there is still controversy about the reliability and durability of the current thermal insulation system in the academic community, as long as the requirements of the construction specifications are strictly observed, the interlocking and interlocking of one ring and the ring is a hidden danger that can be avoided. Engineering life.

The application of electronic documents in the management of scientific and technological archives Tang Lijun 1 Menana 2 (1. Qiqihar City Survey and Mapping Institute; 2. Qiqihar City Construction Archives) Electronic documents and their characteristics Electronic documents exist in various definitions: US federal regulations will It is defined as: electronic files include digital, graphical and textual information. It can be recorded on any medium that the computer can read and conforms to the definition of the file. "The International Council of Archives Electronic Paper Committee defines it as: "Electronic documents are files that are manipulated, transmitted or processed by digital computers. "The electronic documents discussed in this paper include various document materials such as electronic documents, electronic reports, electronic drawings, electronic pictures, multimedia audio and video materials, etc., which are based on chemical magnetic materials such as computer disks, disks and optical disks. Compared with paper documents, electronic files have the following characteristics: electronic documents need to be read by modern office equipment such as computers; electronic files are easy to complete management tasks such as retrieval, copying, and transmission; electronic files are easy to store multimedia signals such as audio and video; The file storage environment is different from the traditional file requirements.

Feasibility of applying electronic documents to scientific file management 2.1 The characteristics of the scientific file make it suitable for electronic file management. The science and technology archives involve a large number of charts, photos, sound recordings, videos and other materials, while drawings, forms, pictures, multimedia sounds, video materials, etc. can form electronic files, and facilitate the management of retrieval, copying, transmission and so on.

2.2 The development of computer multimedia technology and network technology provides the possibility for electronic files to be applied to the management of scientific and technological files. With the development and popularization of computer technology, computer management has been widely used in all aspects of enterprise production management activities, which provides the possibility for electronic documents to be applied to scientific and technological file management.

First of all, in various enterprise units that provide information for the Science and Technology Archives, computer technologies such as Management Information System (MIS) and Computer Aided Design (CAD) have been widely used, and office automation and paperless office are becoming more and more popular. The way the file is generated changes greatly. These units can directly form electronic drawings, electronic document forms, multimedia audio-visual materials and other electronic documents by means of computers during product design, document drafting, data statistics and processing, and provide a large number of electronic files for scientific and technological file management. Original materials and materials. Secondly, with the change of office conditions for file management, office automation and networking have been popularized, which provides a guarantee for the file management department to process electronic documents.

It can be seen that the application of electronic documents to the management of scientific and technological archives has become an inevitable trend in the development of archives management.

Advantages of applying electronic documents to file management 3.1 Compared with traditional paper documents, electronic documents have the following advantages: a.

The use of electronic documents to manage files requires only the initial funding when the documents are first obtained. After the documents are obtained, if you want to get the copies, you only need to spend less to copy them. For example, using traditional paper documents to manually edit the files. It requires a lot of money, which puts a burden on the state and the archives management department. b effort. The use of electronic file management files can make full use of the potential of various modern office equipment such as computers and networks, and make the work of querying, modifying, storing and transmitting documents easier to complete, which can save manpower and material resources. c save time. The use of electronic file management files can shorten the processing time of secondary information, thereby improving the timeliness of file information. d efficient. The use of electronic file management files, information results can be copied in multiple copies, thereby expanding the application area of ​​the file, broadening the scope of services, and achieving good social benefits.

3.2 Compared with the traditional file microfilm technology, the electronic file has the following advantages: a. The electronic file preparation equipment is simple and easy to popularize. The general enterprise unit or file management department uses the existing computer equipment to add some facilities, and the operator adds a little. Training, follow the prompts to get it. b Electronic files are easy to save. The electronic file can be saved on the optical disc, and the storage density of the optical disc is high. The storage capacity of an ordinary optical disc can be equivalent to the storage capacity of the 10,000-sided A4 file or the 13-disc 16-mm microfilm.

The application of electronic documents to the management of scientific and technological archives. Step 4.1 The acquisition of electronic documents. For newly generated urban construction files, the relevant units may be required to provide a set of electronic documents while providing paper documents, so that the file management department can directly obtain electronic drawings, electronic documents, electronic pictures, electronic sounds, video files, and the like. For the original paper documents, the file management department can use the computer, scanner, digital camera, digital video camera and other equipment to obtain the original text through text input, drawing scanning, photographing, video recording, etc., if conditions permit. There is an electronic version of the archive file.

4.2 Use of electronic documents. Relevant management departments should increase the intensity of the promotion and application of electronic documents, and gradually expand the application scope of electronic documents. The file management department and relevant departments shall provide conditions for the application of electronic documents. Mainly: improving office conditions, providing staff with multimedia computers, local area networks, Internet and other equipment and facilities; providing training for relevant personnel to enable them to master the use of these advanced equipment and lay the foundation for their application of electronic documents.

4.3 The preservation of electronic documents. The carrier material of the electronic file is mainly an optical disk, and the ideal temperature for storing the optical disk is a relative humidity of 40% (+±5%). In the process of forming and using electronic documents, strict anti-dust measures should be taken. Dust can contaminate the surface of the disc, causing physical damage and causing damage to recorded information. The chemical components contained in the dust can cause corrosion and degradation of the disc carrier to varying degrees. Etc., causing the disappearance of recorded information; dust is the spreader of mold spores, and is also the medium and breeding ground for mold. Enzymes and organic acids secreted by mold can damage magnetic carriers and optical discs, causing data loss. Once the dust is harmful to the electronic document carrier, the information recorded on the carrier may be partially lost, and the original information cannot be read on the computer system, so that the electronic file loses the preservation value. Harmful gases and light are also destructive to the disc. Harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine, etc. are acidic and oxidizing. Under certain conditions, corrosion and destruction of the disc base ageing and deterioration, so that electronic file information is lost. The light can cause photo-oxidation reaction of the electronic document carrier material, causing the disk base to age and the strength to decrease.

In summary, to ensure the preservation of electronic files, it is necessary to provide an environment with suitable temperature and humidity. At the same time, it is necessary to do dustproof, anti-harmful gas, anti-lighting, etc., and often back up to prevent data loss.

Difficulties and countermeasures of applying electronic documents to scientific and technological file management. The application of electronic documents to the management of scientific and technological files has become a trend, but it is currently

(Finish)

The opposite side aperture of each grid of the US grid is generally 6.5cm-14cm. The thickness of the wire used is generally from 3.5mm-6mm. The wire material is generally Q235 low-carbon iron wire. The iron wire is welded into embossed black mesh. The overall dimensions of the mesh are generally 1.5 meters by 4 meters, 2 meters by 4 meters, and 2 meters by 3 meters.
General surface treatment is cold (electric) galvanizing. There are also hot-dip galvanizing, dipping, spraying. But overall, ninety-nine percent are cold (electric) galvanized. There are several points to note about the U.S. grid
1.Wire diameter
The smaller the mesh size of the JM grid, the finer the warp is required, and the larger the mesh, the thicker the warp is required. For example, a mesh diameter of 6.5cm requires an iron diameter of 3.5mm-4mm. It will break if it is thinned again, and it is too heavy for the workers to bear.
2.Dimensions
The overall size of the Rimage grid does not exceed 2 meters. The length is generally not more than 4m. More than 2 meters, one is laborious, and the other is poor galvanization. The length can also reach 6 meters, but it will not exceed 6 meters. Generally more than 4 meters after the price will increase significantly.
3. Whether the solder joint is firmly welded.
Mei grid welding joints are generally relatively strong, but if the worker is a novice and the technology of adjusting the machine is not high, the situation of welding joints will appear. Once this situation occurs, it will inevitably bring major losses to customers and factories.
4. Galvanizing process
Galvanization is also a problem-prone part of the Grid. Many workers are irresponsible. The boss is a little inattentive, and the worker is likely to shorten the galvanization time quickly, resulting in a situation where zinc is not available. As a result, factories and distributors can also suffer significant losses.
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