Recently, reports on genetically modified products have drawn attention from domestic consumers. According to tests conducted by related departments, some well-known brands of soybean salad oil in the domestic market contained genetically modified ingredients and were ordered to be labeled according to law.
First, security: There is consensus in vagueness
Consumers' concern with genetically modified products has focused on concerns about the safety of foods made from genetically modified products. A report by the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the harm that GM foods may cause to people includes: First, toxins. For example, if you eat GM corn or soybeans, or meat products of animals that are fed these crops, the toxins in the corn and the enzymes of the soybeans will be digested and absorbed by the body. If you eat these foods continuously for a long time, All toxins will accumulate in the human body. The second is allergic reactions. After the gene is introduced into the crop, it will bring a new genetic code to produce a new protein. Some proteins may cause allergies, which may cause consumers who are not allergic to this food to become allergic to the products after the reform. reaction. For example, the genes of peanuts are transferred to soybeans to make soy sauce, and those who are allergic to peanuts may be deadly because they cannot breathe. The third is the problem of drug resistance. In the course of genetic modification, if genes with resistance to clinical therapeutic antibiotics are used, people may eat the modified foods, and the food may transmit the resistance genes to the pathogenic bacteria in the human body, thereby making the body resistant to drugs.
The scientific community’s concern about the safety of genetically modified products is mainly concentrated on its impact on ecological and environmental safety. For example, genetically modified pest-resistant crops may threaten the safety of non-target organisms and beneficial insects, and even put them at risk of extinction; genetically modified species may occur with non-GMOs. Competing relationships, and certainly will defeat or exclude non-Governmental Reform items, so that non-GMOs will face the fate of elimination; In addition, geneflow and genetic pollution (geneticpollution) phenomenon may pollute the eco-system of self-regulation or produce humans A super virus, super weed or super insect that cannot be controlled.
At present, there is a great deal of disagreement in the international scientific community on the understanding of the safety of foods produced by genetically modified products and genetically modified products. The International Council of Science Consortium (ICSU) published a report on June 10 this year. The report has three main points: First, recognizing that genetically modified foods that have been placed on the market since 1995 “have no reports of adverse consequencesâ€, but “does not guarantee that as more and more foods are not changed after they have undergone changes, they will not have new features. "Dangers will be encountered." In the future, "more robust safety tests are still required." Second, "Although there will be changes in the environment due to pollen transmission of genetically modified products, there is currently no sufficient evidence that the existing genetically modified varieties have caused damage." However, the report also said: "The scientists have different opinions on the long-term impact of genetically modified foods on the environment." Third, we propose to continue to "strengthen management and increase transparency for genetically modified products. International forums for environmental hazards inspection should be expanded." It can be said that the conclusions of the report on the safety of genetically modified products still appear ambiguous. However, readers can still draw two conclusions from this: First, GM products do have uncertainties in terms of safety; second, humankind has to be very cautious about switching products and foods. This may be the most basic consensus reached by humans on this issue.
It is based on these two consensuses that the UN Biosafety Protocol signed by 113 countries and regions in 2001 clearly stipulated that the safety assessment of genetically modified products must be conducted. When transgenetically transferred GM products are transbounded, they should seek the consent of the importing country. Labeling; all countries have the public right to know the true situation of genetically modified foods, and can choose voluntarily. Prior to this, EU countries, Japan, and Latin American countries had long passed laws and regulations on the management of genetically modified products, and all of them had provisions on the labeling system for genetically modified foods.
Second, genetically modified products in China
Probably few people know that China is the first country in the world to commercialize GM crops. However, according to the “People’s Dailyâ€, apart from genetically modified insect-resistant cotton, China currently does not have production permits for bulk grain, oil crops and other edible genetically modified crops. The planting areas for transgenic insect-resistant cotton are strictly controlled within the scope of the safety approval of the Ministry of Agriculture. Therefore, there is no food safety issue in China.
GM products have become “problems†in China, starting with China’s agricultural trade agreement reached before China’s accession to the WTO. At that time, the GM soybeans in the United States, GM rapeseed in Canada and Australia entered China on a large scale, squeezed domestic soybean production and processing, and the vegetable oil market was completely occupied by genetically modified products. As a result, the consumption of genetically modified foods has become part of the daily life of the Chinese people. At this time, the Chinese people did not enjoy the “right to know†and the “right to choose†that are commonly used internationally for genetically modified products. The public opinion survey conducted by relevant departments shows that 65% of Chinese consumers are unaware of the presence of GM foods in the current market; 95% of them hope that the future of GM foods should be indicated when they are sold so that consumers can clearly consume the food; 16.7% of people out of worries about safety issues clearly indicated that they did not accept genetically modified foods.
Of course, what is more important is that the large number of imported genetically modified agricultural products has had a great impact on the production of traditional agricultural products in China. Taking soybeans alone, the price of traditional soybeans produced in northeast China had fallen to half of 1995 in 2001, and still remained largely unmarketable. The media has already discussed the so-called "New Northeast phenomenon" following the decline of traditional old industrial bases and the decline of traditional agricultural bases. Zhu Rongji, the then prime minister, also publicly stated at the press conference that the impact of genetically modified agricultural products from the United States on China’s agriculture is “a headacheâ€.
It is against this background that the Chinese government promulgated the "Regulations on the Administration of Agricultural Genetic Safety" on May 23, 2001, but a regulation promulgated by the Chinese government has not been implemented. As a result, on the one hand, Chinese consumers' right to know and choice of options has once again been ignored. On the other hand, imports of genetically modified agricultural products from abroad have soared again. "Business Weekly" reporter after the investigation of the mining party that in China, there is a "profit vortex" behind the GM products. After China promulgated the "Regulations," "Lobbyists" from the United States followed one after another, up to the rank of US President Bush. Washington’s negotiating delegation composed of U.S. Department of Agriculture, the State Department and U.S. trade negotiators also came to China in batches in the hope of persuading China to simplify the rules of the GM Regulation. The U.S. has also started a training course in China to specifically address labeling issues. They stated that the labeling system has caused great harm to the company.
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