Silage technology question and answer

1. How to improve the quality of silage?

A: To improve the quality of silage, you need to pay attention to the following key links.

(1) Controlling the moisture content of silage materials: The moisture content of crops during silage is one of the key steps in determining the quality of silage. Practice has proved that silage raw materials have a moisture content of 65% to 70%, which is ideal for silage of most silage crops.

If the water content of the raw material is too low, it is not easy to step on the kiln, and a large amount of air is stored, which is beneficial to the reproduction of mold, saprophytic bacteria, etc., and causes the silage to be spoiled and deteriorated; if the water content of the raw material is too high, the concentration of the sugar content is lowered. It makes the silage smelly and sticky, and can produce a more feed than the

With high acidity, beef cattle do not like to eat, and their feed intake is reduced. In order to make the water content of silage raw materials meet the specified requirements (ie water content is 65% to 70%),

First, silage crops should be harvested in the near future (ie, the whole plant with spiked green corn should have 3 to 4 leaves turned brown in the lower part of the whole plant; when silage corn stover is pure, the corn is basically mature, and the corn stover is more than half green. Yeh).

Secondly, if the moisture content of the raw material is too much, it can be properly dried and then stored or appropriately mixed with coarse and pulverized hay to adjust the water content. If the water content of the raw material is too small, the water can be appropriately and evenly mixed or appropriately mixed with water. More green and juicy feed.

The proper water content should be that the material is firmly gripped by hand, and the finger is notched to the water droplets without dropping down.

(2) Silage raw materials contain a certain amount of sugar: the level of sugar content is the main condition affecting the quality of silage. When the raw material contains less sugar and contains more protein (such as peanut meal, soybean straw, valerian, etc.), it is not suitable for silage alone. It is better to mix silage with raw materials containing more sugar.

(3) Rapid kiln and capping: Once the silage of the feed begins, it is necessary to concentrate manpower and material resources, cut and transport, cut and kiln at the same time. Rapid kiln and capping are beneficial to shorten the time of aerobic fermentation during silage and improve the quality of silage.

And to install the kiln uniform, pay attention to compaction; capping should be strict, to prevent leakage, ventilation.

2. How do you know if the quality of silage is good or bad?

A: The quality of silage can be judged after a sensory inspection.

(1) Sampling method: After opening the kiln, deep into the silo kiln 20 cm deep, according to the three-point sampling method, each grab one for inspection.

(2) Judging criteria: 1 is better: its color is cyan or yellow-green, close to the primary color, and shiny. Its scent is aromatic and the sour taste is comfortable. Its texture is moist and compact, but it is easy to separate, and the stems, flowers and leaves remain intact.

2 General: Its color is yellowish brown or dark, its smell is pungent and sour, and its fragrance is light. Its texture structure is slightly more water, soft, stems, flowers, leaves can be distinguished.

3 unqualified: its color is black or brown. Its odor has a pungent smell or musty. Its texture structure is rotten, sticky, agglomerated or too dry, and does not form a structure.

3. What are the main types of inferior silage? What is the main reason?

A: There are two types of quality silage: one is rancid silage. This kind of silage has insufficient acidity, has obvious rancid odor, has a pungent sensation, is mostly dark green, has a high water content, and feels sticky and slippery when touched by hand. This rancid silage is suitable for

Poor mouthfeel, low nutritional value, if the beef cattle eat too much will cause diarrhea. The main reason for this inferior feed is that the silage raw materials are not harvested in the appropriate period, the water content is too high, and there is no drying, or there is rainwater in the silage process and after silage into the

Caused by the entry. Another inferior silage is coking silage, which has a burnt or musty taste and is brown or dark brown. It has low moisture content, poor palatability and low nutritional value. The reason is that the silage material is too mature and harvested too late. The raw material is cut too long, not

It is easy to compact or the kiln is not timely, the delay time is too long, and the capping is too late, causing the silage material to be heated too much due to oxidation.

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