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Centrifugal pump principle of a paper mainly introduces: the main components of centrifugal pumps, centrifugal pumps work principle, first explain why it is called centrifugal pump? ? ? Because it is based on the role of centrifugal pump work. Centrifugal pump principle Centrifugal pump impeller installed in the pump housing, and fastened to the pump shaft, the pump shaft directly driven by the motor. The pump housing has a liquid suction 4 and suction pipe 5 connected. The liquid enters the pump through the bottom valve 6 and the suction tube. The liquid discharge port 8 in the pump housing is connected to the discharge pipe 9. Before the pump is started, the pump housing is filled with the liquid to be transported. After the centrifugal pump is started and the pump is started, the impeller of the pump rotates at a high speed by the shaft and the liquid between the blades must also rotate along with it. Pump under centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the outer edge and gain energy to leave the outer edge of the impeller into the scroll casing at high speed. In the volute, the liquid due to the gradual expansion of the slowing down, but also part of the kinetic energy into static pressure, and finally to a higher pressure into the discharge pipe, to the required place. Centrifugal pump liquid flow from the impeller center to the outer edge of the center of the impeller in the formation of a certain vacuum, as the liquid level above the tank pressure is greater than the pressure at the pump inlet, the liquid will be continuously pressed into the impeller. Centrifugal pump main components Centrifugal pump main components are impeller, pump housing and shaft seal device. 1 Impeller Centrifugal pump impeller part of the role is to transfer the mechanical energy of the prime mover directly to the liquid to increase the hydrostatic pressure and kinetic energy (mainly to increase static pressure). Impellers generally have 6 to 12 blades after bending. Impeller has open, semi-closed and closed three. The open impeller has no cover plate on both sides of the blade, which is simple in manufacture and convenient in cleaning. It is suitable for conveying materials containing a large amount of suspended matter, which has low efficiency and low pressure of liquid to be transported. The semi-closed impeller has no cover on the suction inlet side Plate, and on the other side of the cover, suitable for conveying easily sediment or particles containing materials, the efficiency is lower; closed impeller impeller on both sides of the blade has a front and rear cover, high efficiency, suitable for the delivery of impurities Clean liquid. Most of the centrifugal pump impeller for such. Impeller has a single suction and double suction two suction method. 2 pump shell pump centrifugal pump shell role is to seal the impeller in a certain space in order to impeller role in the suction and out of the liquid. Pump casing made of spiral shape, it is also known as the volute. Due to the gradual enlargement of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage, the high-speed liquid thrown out from the impeller gradually reduces the flow velocity and effectively converts part of the kinetic energy into static pressure energy. Pump housing not only brings together the liquid thrown by the impeller, but also an energy conversion device. 3 shaft seal device Centrifugal pump shaft seal device is to prevent the liquid within the pump casing leakage along the shaft or outside air leakage into the pump casing. Common shaft seal packing seal and mechanical seal two. Fillers are generally impregnated with oil or asbestos rope coated with graphite. The main purpose of the mechanical seal is to achieve the purpose of sealing by the relative movement between the moving ring mounted on the shaft and the stationary ring fixed on the pump casing. Centrifugal pump gas tied phenomenon. When the centrifugal pump pump housing air, because the air density is much smaller than the density of the liquid to produce a smaller centrifugal force. Thus, the tank above the liquid level and the pump inlet pressure difference is not enough to liquid storage tank pressure into the pump, that is, centrifugal pump without self-suction capacity, so that the centrifugal pump can not deliver liquid, a phenomenon called "gas tied phenomenon". Centrifugal pump air tie solution: In order to make the pump full of liquid, usually installed at the bottom of the suction pipe with a filter at the end of the valve, the valve so far reverse valve, the role of the filter is to prevent solid matter into the pump to damage the impeller or anti Abnormal pump operation.
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