Synthesizing a New Type of Lithium Boron Compound with Easy-to-Get Materials

Synthesis of new lithium boron compounds through multi-component coupling reactions using copper catalysts

Combination of lithium boron compounds and cyclic carbonates in the past

On April 13, 2016, the Japanese Institute of Physical Chemistry announced that it has developed a "lithium-boron compound" having a novel structure using a copper catalyst and using readily available materials such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and boron compounds as raw materials. Methods. This has contributed to the development of new lithium-ion battery electrolytes and the development of new methods that can efficiently use CO2.

The research group had previously reacted with boron compounds, lithium alkoxides, and acetylenes in the presence of copper catalysts to develop carboxylation reactions of acetylenics. In the course of this study, the researchers converted alkynes to aldehydes and performed the same reaction. As a result, it was found that a novel lithium boron compound having a 5-membered ring structure in the molecule was selectively generated. After further detailed studies, the research team found that the use of aldehydes with various functional groups can efficiently synthesize a variety of lithium-boron compounds.

Conventional lithium-boron compounds have been combined with organic solvents such as cyclic carbonates and used as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. The new lithium-boron compound synthesized this time can be regarded as a combination of a conventional lithium-boron compound and an organic solvent because a boron atom is embedded in the cyclic carbonate, and it is therefore expected to develop an electrolyte that does not require an organic solvent.

CO2 as a greenhouse gas may destroy the global environment, but on the other hand, from the perspective of chemical synthesis, CO2 is very easy to prepare and can be used as a renewable C1 carbon resource. However, because CO2 is chemically stable, new reactions must be developed to achieve effective and practical chemical conversion. In addition, although lithium-boron compounds have been used as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries, preparation of practically usable high-purity lithium-boron compounds requires complicated multi-stage reactions, and the structures and components that can be synthesized by the conventional methods are very limited. (Special Contributor: Kudosuke)

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