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Abstract The effects of five factors, such as raw material pulverization size, quenching temperature, post-maturing time, mold moisture and ring compression ratio, on the water resistance of aquatic pellets were studied. The results showed that: 1 Generally, the pulverized particle size of fish feed was over 40 mesh (0.425 mm) ≥ 95%, the quenching and tempering temperature was controlled above 85 °C, the moisture content of the raw material was 14% to 16%, and the post-maturing time was 10-15 min. The compression ratio of the ring mold is about 15; the crushing particle size of the 2 crabs combined with the pellet feed is over 80 mesh ≥ 90%, the quenching and tempering temperature is controlled at 80-90 °C, the moisture content of the raw material is 17% to 20%, and the post-maturing time is In 20~30 min, the compression ratio of the ring mold is 18~20; the pulverized particle size of the three shrimps combined with the pellet feed is over 80 mesh ≥90%, the quenching and tempering temperature is controlled at 80-90 °C, and the moisture content of the raw material is 17%~ 20%, the post-maturing time is 20-30 min, and the ring mode compression ratio is 18-22.
Keywords pellets; crushing granularity; conditioning; water resistance
The water resistance of aquatic feed, also called water stability, refers to the performance of aquatic pellets after being soaked in water for a certain period of time to keep the components from being dissolved and not lost. It is a very important indicator for measuring the quality of aquatic feed. Water resistance is a comprehensive indicator, which characterizes the shape retention, ingestibility, non-vulsability and insolubility of aquatic feed in water. It is generally expressed as a percentage of the ratio of the loss of feed in water to the total amount of feed in a certain period of time. (ie loss rate or loss rate). There are many factors affecting the water resistance of aquatic feeds. In summary, the main aspects include the following: 1 The quality of the feed itself can also be called the internal quality factor, which depends mainly on the choice of raw materials, including the appropriate starch, crude fiber and moisture content. Binder, etc.; 2 the influence of processing conditions, including crushing particle size, quenching and tempering temperature, ring mold compression ratio, etc.; 3 feed water body. This test mainly discusses the influence of processing parameters on the water resistance of aquatic pellets.
1 Materials and methods
1.1 Test materials (see Table 1)
The test was carried out on the aquatic feed production line of Nantong Bada Feed Co., Ltd. The samples were taken from each of the three aquatic feeds of different formulas produced and sold by the company. The feeds all adopt the same production process, avoiding the change of processing technology. The effect on the water resistance of the feed.
1.2 Determination of the dissolution rate of granular materials
1.2.1 Instruments and Equipment
Constant temperature drying box; balance, sensitivity is 0.01 g; vertical stirrer; measuring cylinder, 500 ml; thermometer, precision 0.1 °C; stopwatch; self-made cylindrical mesh screen, mesh screen frame height 6.5 cm, diameter 10 cm, The size of the metal mesh aperture should be less than the diameter of the measured feed pellet.
1.2.2 Test Steps
Weigh 10 g of sample (accurate to 0.1 g) into a prepared cylindrical mesh sieve, then immerse it in a container with a water depth of 5.5 cm, the water temperature is (25 ± 2) °C, and then sieve the mesh. Slowly rise from the water to the surface of the water, and slowly sink into the water, so that the feed leaves the bottom of the sieve, according to the soaking time specified in the standard of pellet feed products for each culture object. After repeating this three times, the sieve is taken out, the water is drained and drained, and the feed in the mesh is dried in an oven at 105 °C to a constant weight. At the same time, a sample of the same sample that is not soaked is weighed (reference material) ), dry in a 105 °C oven to constant weight, calculated according to the formula. Two parallel samples were taken for each sample to calculate the arithmetic mean as the result, and the value was expressed to one decimal place, allowing a relative error of ≤ 4%.
Where: S - dissolution rate (%);
M1——quality after drying of reference material (g);
M2——quality (g) after drying of the infusion.
1.3 Treatment of test data
Each indicator was analyzed using DPS statistical software, and multiple comparisons were performed using the LSD method. P < 0.01 (very significant difference), P < 0.05 (significant difference) was used as the criterion for the difference significance.
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