Adsorption is divided into two types: liquid phase adsorption and gas phase adsorption. The liquid phase adsorption capacity is often evaluated by adsorption isotherm, and the gas phase adsorption capacity is evaluated by the solvent vapor adsorption amount.
The adsorption isotherm indicates the relationship between the partial pressure or concentration of the adsorbed material in the adsorption system and the adsorption amount at a certain temperature, that is, when the temperature is kept constant, the relationship between the equilibrium adsorption amount and the partial pressure or concentration can be measured. Taking the remaining concentration as the horizontal axis and the adsorption amount of the single mass of activated carbon as the vertical axis, the relationship curve can be drawn.
When the partial pressure or concentration is kept constant, the relationship between the equilibrium adsorption amount and the temperature can be measured, and the relationship curve, that is, the adsorption isobar line, is drawn. Since adsorption of a small amount of components in an industrial device is carried out substantially in an isothermal state, adsorption isotherms are most important and commonly used.
The solvent vapor adsorption amount indicates the gas phase adsorption performance, and the measurement of the carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of the granular activated carbon can be exemplified, under the specified test conditions, that is, the specified carbon layer height, the gas flow rate, the adsorption temperature, the measured tube cross-sectional area, Under the condition of carbon tetrachloride vapor concentration, the mixed air stream containing a certain concentration of carbon tetrachloride vapor continuously passes through the activated carbon. When the adsorption saturation is reached, the mass of carbon tetrachloride adsorbed by the activated carbon sample and the sample quality The percentage is taken as the adsorption rate of carbon tetrachloride.
For the adsorption capacity in activated carbon applications, it is best to use the actual activated carbon, operating conditions, and specific treatments for evaluation.
The amount of adsorption of activated carbon, that is, the amount of adsorbate adsorbed per unit of activated carbon, is also known as the activity of activated carbon in the industry. There are two ways to express the activity:
Static activity-----the amount of adsorption that the commonly referred to adsorbent reaches equilibrium.
Dynamic activity---- means that the fluid mixture passes through the bed of activated carbon, in which the adsorbate is adsorbed. After some time of operation, the fluid flowing out of the activated carbon bed begins to contain a certain amount of adsorbate, indicating that the activated carbon bed loses its adsorption capacity. The amount of adsorbate adsorbed on the activated carbon at this time is called the activity of activated carbon. It is the data needed to design a large number of frequent, important adsorption systems.
A standard practical method for determining the adsorption capacity of activated carbon by the liquid phase isotherm method can be used to determine the absorption capacity of the original and reactivated and powdered activated carbon.
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