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In the thousands of years of the development of pottery, the pottery process was not mature, and the technical conditions for the production of pottery were not available. Therefore, pottery appeared only after thousands of years. From the emergence of pottery to the production of painted pottery, this is a process of long-term exploration, trial and error, and continuous improvement.
At the beginning of the production of pottery, there was no deliberately decorated ornamentation, but during the processing, hand pinching, scraping of the sheet, and wall of the beater often left some irregular marks. As people's aesthetic consciousness increased, they gradually turned this irregular imprint into intentional, regular ornamentation, such as rows of tick marks, a circle of hand wraps and so on. The rope pattern that appeared in the early pottery was formed by wrapping the rope roller wall on the wooden stick, which not only enhanced the firmness of the pottery, but also improved the decorative effect of the pottery appearance. Later, there were more and more decorative patterns, which gradually evolved into simple decorative patterns. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the decoration of pottery. With the availability of process conditions, painted pottery came into being.
Painted pottery is a collection of various natural mineral pigments on pottery to form a variety of colorful patterns, so that pottery is no longer just a practical thing, but also has the aesthetic function of art. Most of them are drawn on the pottery slab first, then the kiln is fired, and the chemical changes of the pigment are integrated into the pottery tire. The color of the pottery is not easy to fall off, and it is durable and beautiful. There is also a class called painted pottery, which directly draws the paint onto the pottery after firing. This kind of painting is attached to the surface of the utensil and is easily damaged and lost during use. The above two types of painted pottery appeared in the Dadiwan culture at the same time, and the former were mostly.
There are three technical conditions for the production of painted pottery: First, the primary technical condition for the production of painted pottery is the understanding of natural mineral pigments. As a color ceramic pigment, it must not be decomposed in a high temperature kiln. For example, hematite with a high content has high temperature resistance. Moreover, it is necessary to grasp the color development rule of minerals. What kind of pigments will turn red after being fired, or it will turn black, so that the ideal color can be produced freely. The pigment can be used after being diluted by processing. The thickness of the powder and the concentration diluted with water have a process of constantly familiarizing and mastering the performance. Second, the surface of the ceramic blank must reach a certain degree of smoothness, and the pigment can penetrate into the ceramic tire. This requires careful screening and panning of the clay, and the table is repeatedly polished after the blank molding. Most of the painted pottery in the archaeological finds is muddy pottery. Even if it is a clay pottery such as Xindian culture, the watch is also delicate. The main body of the Dadiwan culture pottery is a fine sand pottery, but the table is covered with a smoother muddy layer. Third, the higher the temperature of the pottery, the stronger the adhesion of the pigment and the stronger the ornament. The development of painted pottery has reached a certain stage, and humans have gradually changed the structure of the pottery kiln and increased the sealing strength of the kiln chamber to achieve the guarantee of the firing process for the production of painted pottery.
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