Types and development of stone curing agents

With the development history of building maintenance, the generalized building stone curing agent has experienced a development process from single to complex, from general to special:

The earliest curing agent, paraffin wax, forms a dense wax film only on the surface of the cured material, blocking the intrusion of water and oil, and curing the stone. However, paraffin wax completely blocks the pores of the stone, which hinders the permeability of the stone. The moisture accumulated in the interior of the stone cannot be ruled out, resulting in stone lesions, which in turn destroys the maintenance of the stone.

The stone wax film is easy to be polluted and forms wax scale, which is difficult to clean; the stone wax film is easy to be volatilized and easy to wear, and needs to be waxed frequently, and the labor intensity is large. If the number of waxing increases, it will deepen the color of the stone surface, causing damage to the surface of the stone. Paraffin maintenance is limited to the ground, and there is no way to maintain the facade of the building. Paraffin is therefore referred to as a "temporary" curing agent.

The second generation curing agent, a non-permeable coating, can be divided into a colorless series and a pigment series. They form a dense protective film on the stone surface, which has better stain resistance and longer use than paraffin. Life and a wide range of uses are a "permanent" curing agent.

Although the waterproof performance of the film is good, it can block the external pollution, but the gas permeability is poor, so that the moisture inside the stone is difficult to be excluded, which easily leads to stone lesions. The coating surface layer changes the surface of the stone: UV resistance, aging resistance and poor durability. It is easy to wear and repair frequently. Because the solvent used is volatile, flammable and toxic, it may cause harm to the human body or environmental pollution during construction, so it is not an ideal building curing agent.

The third generation of curing agent-permeability coating, the maintenance principle is based on the penetration of stone, forming a curing film on the surface layer of the cured material and the inner microporous surface layer, which can not only prevent the entry of various pollutants, but also The influence of the permeability of the stone can avoid the stone lesion caused by the moisture retention inside the stone; the dust and pollution can only float on the surface of the stone, and it is easy to clean, and can be scrubbed with water. UV resistance, aging resistance and durability are better than the second generation curing agent.

However, film formation on the surface of the conserved material will produce a certain degree of hiding power to varying degrees, which may change the original appearance and characteristics of the building surface, and limit the application on the stone village with rich texture and colorful color. There are three types of curing agents: solvent type, water type and emulsion type. Basically, the unique properties of building curing agents and other paints or coatings are formed.

The fourth-generation curing agent-impregnating curing agent is a liquid with a solid content of 10 to 30%, which is completely different from the third-generation permeable paint. Its curing principle is to use its strong osmosis and is not cured. The surface layer of the object forms a film and penetrates into the inner micropores of the cured material to form a nano-scale spherical crystal curing layer, which can not only prevent the entry of various pollutants, but also does not affect the gas permeability of the stone, completely avoiding the moisture retention inside the stone. Stone damage caused; dust and pollution can only float on the surface of the stone. It is easy to clean and can be scrubbed with water.

It has excellent UV resistance, aging resistance and durability, allowing for longer curing times of up to 30-50 years. Because it does not form a film on the surface of the object to be cured, it has no covering property to the material to be cured, and does not change the original features and characteristics of the surface of the building. This curing agent can be divided into two types: solvent type and water emulsion type.

The fifth-generation product, an environmentally-friendly impregnating curing agent, which is popular in the world, complies with the requirements of environmental protection and sanitation and epidemic prevention, and attaches more importance to the surrounding environment. It has the characteristics of simple construction, maintenance, non-flammability, safety, and small color coefficient of stone before and after use. In the true sense, it has reached a realm that not only maintains the original protected materials, but also does not generate new pollution, and adds a new way to the conservation environment. It is therefore called “green environmental protection building maintenance agent”. A building curing agent that has unique properties that distinguish it from other paints or coatings.

This curing agent can also be divided into two types, solvent type and water emulsion type. The water emulsion type is trusted by the user for its non-toxic and non-combustible properties: but the solvent-based product adopts a low volatility solvent under the premise of complying with relevant environmental standards, and has good permeability and adaptability to the construction environment. Surfactants, UV resistance, aging resistance and durability are also strong, and it is difficult to compare the water emulsion products.

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