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The overall and external environment design of the building is based on the analysis of the climatic and environmental conditions around the building. Through the design of site selection, planning, external environment and body orientation, the building obtains a good external microclimate environment and achieves energy saving.
Reasonable site selection
The location of the building is mainly determined by the comprehensive conditions of the local climate, soil quality, water quality, topography and surrounding environmental conditions. In the design of the building, the building should maintain a suitable microclimate environment throughout its life cycle, creating conditions for building energy conservation, while at the same time not destroying the balance of the overall ecological environment.
Reasonable external environment design
After the location of the building is determined, its microclimate characteristics should be studied. According to the needs of building functions, the existing micro-climate environment should be improved through reasonable external environment design, and the favorable environment for building energy conservation should be created. The main methods are as follows: 1 arranging trees and vegetation around the building to effectively shield the sand and purify Air, but also shade, noise reduction; 2 create artificial natural environment, such as setting the water surface near the building, using water to balance the ambient temperature, wind and sand and collect rainwater.
Reasonable planning and design
Reasonable architectural planning and body design can effectively adapt to the harsh microclimate environment. It includes the determination of the overall volume of the building, the shape of the building and the combination of architectural forms, architectural sunshine and orientation. Like the circular plane of the yurt, the conical roof can effectively adapt to the harsh climate of the grassland, and reduce the heat dissipation area of ​​the building and resist the wind and sand; for coastal hot and humid areas, the introduction of natural ventilation is very important for energy conservation. In the planning and layout, Different air pressures can be formed through the sun-facing and shady surfaces of the building, and ventilation can be formed even in the absence of wind, forming a wind tunnel in the design of the building body, allowing the natural wind to swirl therein, obtaining a good ventilation effect, thereby achieving energy saving. purpose.
The principle of sunshine and orientation is to obtain sufficient sunshine and avoid the dominant wind direction in winter, and to use natural ventilation and minimize solar radiation in summer. However, the orientation and orientation of the building and the design of the general plane of the building should take into account various factors. The building is subject to social historical culture, topography, urban planning, roads, environment and other conditions, in order to make the building's orientation meet the summer heat protection. Insulation with winter is often difficult. Therefore, we can only weigh the gains and losses between various factors, find a balance point, and choose the best orientation and better orientation suitable for the climate of this region.
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