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As we all know, the process of sulfuric acid titanium dioxide is very long, and naturally it consumes a lot of energy. However, as a fine chemical product, titanium dioxide, no matter domestic or foreign total output, is not very noticeable. In fact, according to the energy consumption of tons of products, it far exceeds the unit consumption of steel, cement and other products that we know well. The total output of these products is 10 million tons, even hundreds of millions of tons, and the total energy consumption sounds really scary.
When using different raw material routes (including energy consumption during raw material enrichment production), the energy consumption is quite different. Table 2 shows the comparison of energy consumption when producing titanium dioxide with four different raw material routes.
The above four different process routes do not include the energy consumption required for surface treatment. Titanium dioxide with surface treatment process requires an additional 83~120KMJ/tTiO2 depending on the surface treatment process. Titanium dioxide production consumes a lot of energy, and naturally accounts for a large proportion of production costs. Usually, energy consumption accounts for 20% to 25% of production costs. Therefore, saving energy and reducing energy consumption are lowering production costs and improving Economic benefits, one of the important measures for sustainable development.
After the reform and opening up, China's titanium dioxide production continued to grow at a high speed, while also achieving many achievements in energy conservation and consumption reduction. The examples are as follows:
1 The sinter of ilmenite has been used 4R or 5R Raymond mill. After the 1990s, the experience of introducing projects has been used. The enterprises above 15,000 t/a are mostly changed to wind sweeping, compared with the traditional Raymond mill. Wind sweep has large output, low maintenance and easy control. The power consumption per ton of mineral powder can be reduced by 5~10kWh.
2 Crystallization of ferrous sulfate At present, almost all factories in the domestic 10,000-ton class have changed from freezing crystallization to vacuum crystallization. In recent years, many factories have changed from the original single-stage ejector, the water ring vacuum pump system, to the two-stage ejector. - Water ring vacuum pump system. With the same vacuum pump power, steam consumption can be reduced by 15% and the amount of circulating water is reduced accordingly. When a single-stage injection system is used in a domestic factory, each batch of titanium liquid consumes 2330 kg of steam. After switching to a two-stage injection system, the water ring vacuum pump is also 22 kW, and only 1900 kg of steam per crystallization of titanium liquid is required.
3 The micro-pressure hydrolysis of the seed crystal has basically replaced the self-crystal hydrolysis process. The concentration of the titanium solution in the seed crystal is 230g/L, and the production is difficult to control; the concentration of the titanium solution in the seeding process only needs 195~200g/L, according to Evaporation of 1kg of water consumes 1.25kg of steam meter, and each ton of titanium liquid can save about 900kg of steam, eliminating the consumption of additional seed crystals, and the total production cost is still lower than that of its own seed crystal. Due to the decrease of the concentration of the titanium liquid, the heating area of ​​the concentrator is correspondingly reduced, and the power consumption and the circulating water consumption are correspondingly reduced.
4 Diaphragm plate and frame filter press application Diaphragm plate and frame filter press has replaced most vacuum leaf filter and drum filter for one, two, three water washing and dewatering operations before and after kiln. Made a great contribution to the energy saving work of titanium dioxide. Especially in the dehydration operation, in the past, the dehydration of the titanic acid kiln used vacuum filter, the solid content (TiO2%) after dehydration was only 30%~32%, and later dehydrated by the introduction of the technology using the ancient filter, its solid content can be Up to 40%~45%, almost all of the domestic use of diaphragm filter press dehydration, its solid content can be as high as 50% to 60%. 30%~32% metatitanic acid dehydrated by a leaf filter is used in the rotary kiln to dehydrate and consume 603×104KJ/tTiO2, while 50%~60% metatitanic acid dehydrated by the membrane filter press only needs to be used. The heat is 242.8KJ/tTiO2, which is equivalent to saving 82.8kg of standard coal per ton of titanium dioxide, and the running electricity cost is nearly 20% compared with the ancient filter. Due to the greatly reduced water content in the meta-titanic acid, the production capacity of the rotary kiln is significantly improved. In the past, a rotary kiln of φ2400×38000 has a daily output of about 25 tons. After dewatering by a diaphragm filter press, the output can be increased to 35t/ d.
In the past, after the treatment of dehydration before drying, it is common to use belt dryers and spray dryers. Now, almost all domestic pigment grade titanium dioxide has been changed to flash dryers, which is also highly dewatering efficiency with diaphragm filter presses. It's open. Some experts calculated that the energy consumption of the belt dryer is 1.0, the spray dryer is 1.21, and the energy consumption of the flash dryer is only 0.43. The energy saving effect is very obvious.
5 roller press grinding instead of Raymond mill is used for the crushing of crude kiln material, and the energy saving effect is also very obvious. In addition to the advantages of small equipment, low vibration, light wear, small floor space and low maintenance cost, the roller press grinding The energy-saving effect is also very obvious. One PM125R Raymond mill has an output of 4~4.5t per hour and an installed capacity of 280kW. The installed capacity of the same type of roller mill is only 65kW, which is equivalent to 53.75kW per ton of product. Coal 6.5kg / tTiO2.
6 Preheating recovery and utilization in the kiln flue gas waste heat utilization and process water, cooling water recycling and reuse of the results are also very obvious, especially in the recycling and reuse of water, the companies according to their own characteristics, respectively A large number of recycling and recycling work, the current domestic titanium dioxide industry water consumption (fresh water) is about 45 ~ 80t / tTiO2, which is almost half compared with the 1980s.
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